Abstract
Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests in sweet corn. Our objectives were to assess the occurrence of the Lepidopteran species affecting sweet corn in Puerto Rico, and to evaluate the efficacy of 9 insecticides to control larvae of corn earworm and fall armyworm. Spodoptera frugiperda was observed in all plant stages, whereas H. zea and Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) affected only ears. Larvae of corn earworm and fall armyworm were susceptible (mortality > 80% at 96 h) to Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) + oil and to methomyl, respectively, whereas both species were susceptible to chlorpyrifos. The LC50 values for chlorpyrifos was 248 ppm, whereas 312,500 S. carpocapsae nematodes per L + 625 ppm of rapeseed oil caused 53% of larval mortality at 120 h post-treatment for corn earworm larvae.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Spodoptera frugiperda was observed on sweet corn at all plant stages.
- Taxon
- sweet corne0
- Organ / stage
- all plant stagese1
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperda
.jpg?width=60)
Spodoptera frugiperdae1pest - Outcome
- observede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests in sweet corn”
e1“Spodoptera frugiperda was observed in all plant stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Helicoverpa zea affected only sweet corn ears.
- Taxon
- sweet corne0
- Organ / stage
- earse2
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa zea
.jpg?width=60)
Helicoverpa zeae0pest - Outcome
- affectede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests in sweet corn”
e2“H. zea and Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) affected only ears”
Claim · model-written summary
Diatraea saccharalis affected only sweet corn ears.
- Taxon
- sweet corne0
- Organ / stage
- earse2
- Interactor
- Diatraea saccharalis
Diatraea saccharalise2pest - Outcome
- affectede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests in sweet corn”
e2“H. zea and Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) affected only ears”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn earworm larvae were susceptible to Steinernema carpocapsae plus oil, with mortality above 80% at 96 h.
- Taxon
- sweet corne0
- Treatment
- Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) + oile3
- Interactor
- corn earwormHelicoverpa zeae3pest
- Second interactor
- Steinernema carpocapsae
Steinernema carpocapsaee3biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- susceptible (mortality > 80% at 96 h)e3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests in sweet corn”
e3“Larvae of corn earworm and fall armyworm were susceptible (mortality > 80% at 96 h) to Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) + oil and to methomyl, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall armyworm larvae were susceptible to methomyl, with mortality above 80% at 96 h.
- Taxon
- sweet corne0
- Treatment
- methomyle3
- Interactor
- fall armywormSpodoptera frugiperdae3pest
- Outcome
- susceptible (mortality > 80% at 96 h)e3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests in sweet corn”
e3“Larvae of corn earworm and fall armyworm were susceptible (mortality > 80% at 96 h) to Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) + oil and to methomyl, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn earworm larvae were susceptible to chlorpyrifos.
- Taxon
- sweet corne0
- Treatment
- chlorpyrifose4
- Interactor
- corn earwormHelicoverpa zeae7pest
- Outcome
- susceptiblee4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests in sweet corn”
e7“Larvae of corn earworm and fall armyworm”
e4“both species were susceptible to chlorpyrifos”
Claim · model-written summary
Fall armyworm larvae were susceptible to chlorpyrifos.
- Taxon
- sweet corne0
- Treatment
- chlorpyrifose4
- Interactor
- fall armywormSpodoptera frugiperdae7pest
- Outcome
- susceptiblee4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests in sweet corn”
e7“Larvae of corn earworm and fall armyworm”
e4“both species were susceptible to chlorpyrifos”
Claim · model-written summary
The LC50 value for chlorpyrifos was 248 ppm.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests in sweet corn”
e5“The LC50 values for chlorpyrifos was 248 ppm”
Claim · model-written summary
The nematode and rapeseed oil mixture caused 53% larval mortality of corn earworm at 120 h.
- Taxon
- sweet corne0
- Treatment
- 312,500 S. carpocapsae nematodes per L + 625 ppm of rapeseed oile6
- Interactor
- corn earwormHelicoverpa zeae6pest
- Second interactor
- S. carpocapsae
- Outcome
- larval mortalitye6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
- Value
- 53%e6
- Qualifier
- at 120 h post-treatmente6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are important pests in sweet corn”
e6“312,500 S. carpocapsae nematodes per L + 625 ppm of rapeseed oil caused 53% of larval mortality at 120 h post-treatment for corn earworm larvae”
The same questions in other papers
chlorpyrifos · Spodoptera frugiperda · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →methomyl · Spodoptera frugiperda · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
chlorpyrifos · Helicoverpa zea · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.