Abstract
Rice is a major stable food across the globe. Its growth and productivity is highly dependent on the rhizobiome where crosstalk takes place between plant and the microbial community. Such interactions lead to selective enrichment of plant beneficial microbes which ultimately defines the crop health and productivity. In this study, rhizobiome modulation is documented throughout the development of rice plant. Based on 16S rRNA gene affiliation at genus level, abundance and diversity of plant growth promoting bacteria increased during the growth stages. The observed α diversity and rhizobiome complexity increased significantly (p0.1%), based on 16S rRNA gene, were plant growth promoting bacteria that produces siderophore, indole-3-acetic acid, aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, and antimicrobials. Hydrogenotrophic methanogens dominated throughout cultivation. Type I methanotrophs (n=12) had higher diversity than type II methanotrophs (n=6). However, the later had significantly higher abundance (p=0.003). Strong enrichment pattern was also observed in type I methanotrophs being enriched during water logged stages. Ammonia oxidizing Archaea were several folds more abundant than ammonia oxidizing bacteria. K-strategists Nitrosospira and Nitrospira dominated ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria, respectively. The study clarifies the modulation of rhizobiome according to the rice developmental stages, thereby opening up the possibilities of bio-fertilizer treatment based on each cultivation stages.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Plant growth promoting bacterial abundance and diversity increased over rice growth stages.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Organ / stage
- growth stagese0
- Interactor
- plant growth promoting bacteriae0symbiont
- Outcome
- abundance and diversity of plant growth promoting bacteriae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on 16S rRNA gene affiliation at genus level, abundance and diversity of plant growth promoting bacteria increased during the growth stages.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice rhizobiome alpha diversity and complexity increased significantly.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- growth stagese1
- Outcome
- α diversity and rhizobiome complexitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The observed α diversity and rhizobiome complexity increased significantly (p0.1%)”
e1“Based on 16S rRNA gene affiliation at genus level, abundance and diversity of plant growth promoting bacteria increased during the growth stages.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogenotrophic methanogens dominated throughout rice cultivation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Hydrogenotrophic methanogense0other
- Outcome
- Hydrogenotrophic methanogens dominatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hydrogenotrophic methanogens dominated throughout cultivation.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Type I methanotrophs had higher diversity than type II methanotrophs in the rice rhizobiome.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Type I methanotrophsMethylococcaceaee0other
- Outcome
- diversitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- n=12e0
- Comparator
- type II methanotrophse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Type I methanotrophs (n=12) had higher diversity than type II methanotrophs (n=6).”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Type II methanotrophs had significantly higher abundance than type I methanotrophs.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- type II methanotrophsMethylocystaceaee0other
- Outcome
- abundancee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Type I methanotrophse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Type I methanotrophs (n=12) had higher diversity than type II methanotrophs (n=6). However, the later had significantly higher abundance (p=0.003).”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Type I methanotrophs were enriched during water logged rice stages.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- water logged stagese0
- Interactor
- type I methanotrophsMethylococcaceaee0other
- Outcome
- type I methanotrophs being enrichede0
- Direction
- enrichede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Strong enrichment pattern was also observed in type I methanotrophs being enriched during water logged stages.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonia oxidizing Archaea were several folds more abundant than ammonia oxidizing bacteria.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Ammonia oxidizing Archaeae0other
- Outcome
- more abundante0
- Direction
- more abundante0
- Comparator
- ammonia oxidizing bacteriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonia oxidizing Archaea were several folds more abundant than ammonia oxidizing bacteria.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrosospira dominated ammonia oxidizing bacteria.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- NitrosospiraNitrosospirae0other
- Outcome
- dominated ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K-strategists Nitrosospira and Nitrospira dominated ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria, respectively.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrospira dominated nitrite oxidizing bacteria.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- NitrospiraNitrospirae0other
- Outcome
- dominated ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K-strategists Nitrosospira and Nitrospira dominated ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria, respectively.”
t0“Rice”