Abstract
Two major ecological factors determine the fitness of an insect herbivore: the ability to overcome plant resistance strategies (bottom-up effects) and the ability to avoid or resist attack by natural enemies such as predators and parasitoids (top-down effects). In response to differences in selection pressure, variation may exist in host-plant adaptation and immunity against parasitism among populations of an insect herbivore. We investigated the variation in larval performance of six different Plutella xylostella populations originating from four continents when feeding on a native Dutch plant species, Brassica rapa. One of the used populations has successfully switched its host plant, and is now adapted to pea. In addition, we determined the resistance to attack by the endoparasitoid Diadegma semiclausum originating from the Netherlands (where it is also native) and measured parasitoid performance as a proxy for host resistance against parasitism. Pupal mortality, immature development times, and adult biomass of P. xylostella differed significantly across populations when feeding on the same host plant species. In addition, parasitism success differed in terms of parasitoid adult emergence and their biomass, but not their development times. Variation among natural populations of insects should be considered more when studying interactions between plants and insects up the food chain.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
P. xylostella pupal mortality differed significantly across populations feeding on Brassica rapa.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa
Brassica rapae1 - Interactor
- P. xylostellae0herbivore
- Outcome
- Pupal mortalitye0
- Direction
- differede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pupal mortality, immature development times, and adult biomass of P. xylostella differed significantly across populations when feeding on the same host plant species”
e1“a native Dutch plant species, Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
P. xylostella immature development times differed significantly across populations feeding on Brassica rapa.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae1
- Interactor
- P. xylostellae0herbivore
- Outcome
- immature development timese0
- Direction
- differede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pupal mortality, immature development times, and adult biomass of P. xylostella differed significantly across populations when feeding on the same host plant species”
e1“a native Dutch plant species, Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
P. xylostella adult biomass differed significantly across populations feeding on Brassica rapa.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae1
- Interactor
- P. xylostellae0herbivore
- Outcome
- adult biomasse0
- Direction
- differede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pupal mortality, immature development times, and adult biomass of P. xylostella differed significantly across populations when feeding on the same host plant species”
e1“a native Dutch plant species, Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
Parasitoid parasitoid adult emergence differed across P. xylostella populations.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae1
- Outcome
- parasitoid adult emergencee0
- Direction
- differede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“parasitism success differed in terms of parasitoid adult emergence and their biomass, but not their development times”
e1“a native Dutch plant species, Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
Parasitoid their biomass differed across P. xylostella populations.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae1
- Outcome
- their biomasse0
- Direction
- differede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“parasitism success differed in terms of parasitoid adult emergence and their biomass, but not their development times”
e1“a native Dutch plant species, Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
Parasitoid development times did not differ across host populations.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae1
- Outcome
- their development timese0
- Direction
- note0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“parasitism success differed in terms of parasitoid adult emergence and their biomass, but not their development times”
e1“a native Dutch plant species, Brassica rapa”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend considering variation among insect populations in plant–insect food chain studies.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapaBrassica rapae1
- Outcome
- Variation among natural populations of insects should be considered moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Variation among natural populations of insects should be considered more when studying interactions between plants and insects up the food chain”
e1“a native Dutch plant species, Brassica rapa”