Abstract
ABSTRACT The effect of four nitrogen levels (0, 40, 80 and 120kg N ha-1), applied before deferment on the beef cattle production and structural variables on Urochloa decumbens (signal grass) were assessed from January to October 2012 and from January to September 2013. A randomized block design with three replicates was adopted, in an arrangement of repeated measures in time (grazing period). An interaction effect between nitrogen level and grazing period was observed on extended-plant height and herbage mass. As the nitrogen levels were increased, extended-plant height, herbage mass, total herbage allowance, and efficiency of conversion of fertilizer into herbage were increased. Throughout the grazing period, pasture height, extended-plant height, percentage of leaves, herbage and morphological components allowance, and percentages of leaves and stems in the herbage apparently selected by the animal decreased. Nitrogen levels had no effect on average daily gain or gain per area in the first year. A fixed deferment period with increasing levels of nitrogen fertilization on signal grass pastures does not influence the average daily gain per animal, reduces the efficiency of the nitrogen fertilizer and negatively changes the structural characteristics of the pasture.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen level interacted with grazing period for extended-plant height and herbage mass.
- Taxon
- Urochloa decumbens
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Urochloa decumbense1 - Treatment
- nitrogen levele0
- Outcome
- extended-plant height and herbage masse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“An interaction effect between nitrogen level and grazing period was observed on extended-plant height and herbage mass”
t0“signal grass”
e1“Urochloa decumbens (signal grass)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen increased extended-plant height, herbage mass and total herbage allowance.
- Taxon
- Urochloa decumbensUrochloa decumbense1
- Treatment
- nitrogen levelse0
- Outcome
- extended-plant height, herbage mass, total herbage allowancee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As the nitrogen levels were increased, extended-plant height, herbage mass, total herbage allowance, and efficiency of conversion of fertilizer into herbage were increased”
t0“signal grass”
e1“Urochloa decumbens (signal grass)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen increased fertilizer-to-herbage conversion efficiency.
- Taxon
- Urochloa decumbensUrochloa decumbense1
- Treatment
- nitrogen levelse0
- Outcome
- efficiency of conversion of fertilizer into herbagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As the nitrogen levels were increased, extended-plant height, herbage mass, total herbage allowance, and efficiency of conversion of fertilizer into herbage were increased”
t0“signal grass”
e1“Urochloa decumbens (signal grass)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pasture and extended-plant heights and percentage of leaves declined over the grazing period.
- Taxon
- Urochloa decumbensUrochloa decumbense1
- Outcome
- pasture height, extended-plant height, percentage of leavese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- grazing periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Throughout the grazing period, pasture height, extended-plant height, percentage of leaves, herbage and morphological components allowance, and percentages of leaves and stems in the herbage apparently selected by the animal decreased”
t0“signal grass”
e1“Urochloa decumbens (signal grass)”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbage and morphological-component allowance declined during grazing.
- Taxon
- Urochloa decumbensUrochloa decumbense1
- Outcome
- herbage and morphological components allowancee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- grazing periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Throughout the grazing period, pasture height, extended-plant height, percentage of leaves, herbage and morphological components allowance, and percentages of leaves and stems in the herbage apparently selected by the animal decreased”
t0“signal grass”
e1“Urochloa decumbens (signal grass)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf and stem percentages in herbage selected by cattle declined during grazing.
- Taxon
- Urochloa decumbensUrochloa decumbense1
- Outcome
- percentages of leaves and stems in the herbage apparently selected by the animale0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- grazing periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Throughout the grazing period, pasture height, extended-plant height, percentage of leaves, herbage and morphological components allowance, and percentages of leaves and stems in the herbage apparently selected by the animal decreased”
t0“signal grass”
e1“Urochloa decumbens (signal grass)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen level did not affect cattle average daily gain or gain per area in the first year.
- Taxon
- Urochloa decumbensUrochloa decumbense1
- Treatment
- Nitrogen levelse0
- Outcome
- average daily gain or gain per areae0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- first yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen levels had no effect on average daily gain or gain per area in the first year”
t0“signal grass”
e1“Urochloa decumbens (signal grass)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that more nitrogen under fixed deferment does not improve average daily cattle gain and reduces fertilizer efficiency and pasture structural quality.
Verbatim
e0“A fixed deferment period with increasing levels of nitrogen fertilization on signal grass pastures does not influence the average daily gain per animal, reduces the efficiency of the nitrogen fertilizer and negatively changes the structural characteristics of the pasture”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · yield · Urochloa decumbensPositive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.