Abstract
We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids in upland fields converted from paddy fields in Andosol of northern Tohoku. Six hybrids were grown with rotary tilling or plowing (chisel plowing plus power harrow) in 2016 and 2017. Soil penetration resistance was higher in plowing than in rotary tilling under a soil depth of 5 cm. There were no significant interactions between hybrid and tillage method in plant height, SPAD value, grain yield, and yield components, indicating that growth and grain yield of the six hybrids were unaffected by tillage method. Maize hybrids had similar culm length and ear height, while horizontal pulling resistance was higher in plowing than in rotary tilling. In addition, root lodged plants caused by typhoons were fewer in plowing than in rotary tilling in 2017. There was a negative correlation between horizontal pulling resistance and the number of root lodged plants. The highest horizontal pulling resistance and the least number of root lodged plants were found in a maize hybrid KD641 grown by plowing. The results suggest that root lodging can be alleviated by growing root-lodging-resistant maize hybrids such as KD641 with plowing.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Soil penetration resistance was higher under plowing than under rotary tilling at 5 cm depth.
- Treatment
- plowinge1
- Outcome
- Soil penetration resistancee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Qualifier
- under a soil depth of 5 cme1
- Comparator
- rotary tillinge1
Zea maysNot reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleSettingValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids”
e1“Soil penetration resistance was higher in plowing than in rotary tilling under a soil depth of 5 cm”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth and grain yield of the six maize hybrids were unaffected by tillage method.
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids”
e1“indicating that growth and grain yield of the six hybrids were unaffected by tillage method”
Claim · model-written summary
No significant interaction between hybrid and tillage method was found for plant height, SPAD value and grain yield.
- Treatment
- tillage methode1
- Outcome
- plant height, SPAD value, grain yielde1
- Qualifier
- no significant interactionse1
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids”
e1“There were no significant interactions between hybrid and tillage method in plant height, SPAD value, grain yield, and yield components”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize hybrids had similar culm length and ear height.
Not reportedGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleTreatmentComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids”
e1“Maize hybrids had similar culm length and ear height”
Claim · model-written summary
Horizontal pulling resistance was higher under plowing than under rotary tilling.
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids”
e1“while horizontal pulling resistance was higher in plowing than in rotary tilling”
Claim · model-written summary
Root lodged plants caused by typhoons were fewer under plowing than under rotary tilling in 2017.
- Treatment
- plowinge1
- Outcome
- root lodged plantse1
- Direction
- fewere1
- Qualifier
- caused by typhoonse1
- Comparator
- rotary tillinge1
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleSettingValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids”
e1“root lodged plants caused by typhoons were fewer in plowing than in rotary tilling in 2017”
Claim · model-written summary
Horizontal pulling resistance was negatively correlated with the number of root lodged plants.
- Outcome
- number of root lodged plantse1
- Direction
- negative correlatione1
- Comparator
- horizontal pulling resistancee1
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleTreatmentSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids”
e1“There was a negative correlation between horizontal pulling resistance and the number of root lodged plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid KD641 grown under plowing had the highest horizontal pulling resistance.
Not reportedGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids”
e1“The highest horizontal pulling resistance and the least number of root lodged plants were found in a maize hybrid KD641 grown by plowing”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid KD641 grown under plowing had the least number of root lodged plants.
Not reportedGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids”
e1“The highest horizontal pulling resistance and the least number of root lodged plants were found in a maize hybrid KD641 grown by plowing”
Claim · model-written summary
Root lodging can be alleviated by growing root-lodging-resistant maize hybrids such as KD641 with plowing.
- Material
- root-lodging-resistant maize hybrids such as KD641e1
- Treatment
- growing root-lodging-resistant maize hybrids such as KD641 with plowinge1
- Outcome
- root lodginge1
Not reportedGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids”
e1“The results suggest that root lodging can be alleviated by growing root-lodging-resistant maize hybrids such as KD641 with plowing”
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