Abstract
In the 1995/96 growing season 92 species of insects were sampled in direct association with cultivated Amaranthus hybridus at Tempe airbase, near Bloemfontein in the central Free State Province. These species comprised live feeding guilds, i.e. phytophages, sap suckers, predators, parasitoids and tourists. The stems, leaves, seeds and pollen of the plant were severely attacked by several species of the phytophagous guild. Dominance and prominence values of all the amaranth insects were determined. Overall three phytophages (A stylus atromaculatus, a Lygus sp. and an unidentified Coreidae sp. and a predator, Hippodamia variegata, were numerically superior. Although not dominant or prominent within the arthropod guild structure on amaranth, the most structurally injurious species proved to be the pigweed weevil Hypolixus haerens. Both larvae and adults of this weevil attack the crop, the former as leaf chewers and the latter as stem borers.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Ninety-two insect species were sampled in association with cultivated amaranth.
- Taxon
- Amaranthus hybridus
Amaranthus hybriduse0 - Outcome
- species of insectse0
- Value
- 92 speciese0
- Setting
- Tempe airbase, near Bloemfontein in the central Free State Provincee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the 1995/96 growing season 92 species of insects were sampled in direct association with cultivated Amaranthus hybridus at Tempe airbase, near Bloemfontein in the central Free State Province.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytophagous insects severely attacked amaranth stems, leaves, seeds and pollen.
Verbatim
e0“The stems, leaves, seeds and pollen of the plant were severely attacked by several species of the phytophagous guild.”
t0“vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)”
Claim · model-written summary
A stylus atromaculatus was numerically superior among insects associated with amaranth.
Verbatim
e0“Overall three phytophages (A stylus atromaculatus, a Lygus sp. and an unidentified Coreidae sp. and a predator, Hippodamia variegata, were numerically superior.”
t0“vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)”
Claim · model-written summary
a Lygus sp. was numerically superior among insects associated with amaranth.
Verbatim
e0“Overall three phytophages (A stylus atromaculatus, a Lygus sp. and an unidentified Coreidae sp. and a predator, Hippodamia variegata, were numerically superior.”
t0“vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)”
Claim · model-written summary
an unidentified Coreidae sp. was numerically superior among insects associated with amaranth.
Verbatim
e0“Overall three phytophages (A stylus atromaculatus, a Lygus sp. and an unidentified Coreidae sp. and a predator, Hippodamia variegata, were numerically superior.”
t0“vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hippodamia variegata was numerically superior among insects associated with amaranth.
- Taxon
- vegetable amarantht0
- Interactor
- Hippodamia variegata
Hippodamia variegatae0other - Outcome
- numerically superiore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall three phytophages (A stylus atromaculatus, a Lygus sp. and an unidentified Coreidae sp. and a predator, Hippodamia variegata, were numerically superior.”
t0“vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypolixus haerens was the most structurally injurious amaranth insect despite lacking dominance or prominence.
- Taxon
- amaranth
.JPG?width=60)
Amaranthus caudatuse0 - Interactor
- Hypolixus haerensHypolixus picae0pest
- Outcome
- most structurally injurious speciese0
- Qualifier
- not dominant or prominente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Although not dominant or prominent within the arthropod guild structure on amaranth, the most structurally injurious species proved to be the pigweed weevil Hypolixus haerens.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypolixus haerens larvae chew amaranth leaves.
- Taxon
- amaranthAmaranthus caudatust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Interactor
- pigweed weevil Hypolixus haerensHypolixus picae0pest
- Outcome
- leaf chewerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The stems, leaves, seeds and pollen of the plant were severely attacked by several species of the phytophagous guild. Dominance and prominence values of all the amaranth insects were determined. Overall three phytophages (A stylus atromaculatus, a Lygus sp. and an unidentified Coreidae sp. and a predator, Hippodamia variegata, were numerically superior. Although not dominant or prominent within the arthropod guild structure on amaranth, the most structurally injurious species proved to be the pigweed weevil Hypolixus haerens. Both larvae and adults of this weevil attack the crop, the former as leaf chewers and the latter as stem borers.”
t0“vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypolixus haerens adults bore amaranth stems.
- Taxon
- amaranthAmaranthus caudatust0
- Organ / stage
- stemse0
- Interactor
- pigweed weevil Hypolixus haerensHypolixus picae0pest
- Outcome
- stem borerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The stems, leaves, seeds and pollen of the plant were severely attacked by several species of the phytophagous guild. Dominance and prominence values of all the amaranth insects were determined. Overall three phytophages (A stylus atromaculatus, a Lygus sp. and an unidentified Coreidae sp. and a predator, Hippodamia variegata, were numerically superior. Although not dominant or prominent within the arthropod guild structure on amaranth, the most structurally injurious species proved to be the pigweed weevil Hypolixus haerens. Both larvae and adults of this weevil attack the crop, the former as leaf chewers and the latter as stem borers.”
t0“vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)”