Abstract
Grey mould, powdery mildew, and downy mildew are the most frequent fungal diseases among vineyards worldwide. In the present study, we analysed the influence of the fungi causing these diseases (Botrytis, Erysiphe, and Plasmopara, respectively) on two viticulture areas from North-western (NW) Spain during three growth seasons (2016, 2017, and 2018). The obtained results showed the predominant concentration of the Botrytis airborne spores, mainly from the beginning of the Inflorescence emerge phenological stage (S-5) until the end of the Flowering phenological stage (S-6). Erysiphe and Plasmopara airborne spore peak concentrations were more localised around Flowering (S-6) and Development of fruits (S-7) phenological stages. We applied a Spearman’s correlation test and a Principal Component Analysis to determine the influence of the meteorological parameters on the concentration of airborne spores. Taking into account the variables with the highest correlation coefficient, we developed multiple regression models to forecast the phytopathogenic fungal spore concentrations. The Botrytis model regression equation explained between 59.4–70.9% of spore concentration variability. The Erysiphe equation explained between 57.6–61% and the Plasmopara explained between 39.9–55.8%. In general, we found better prediction results for mean daily concentrations than sporadic spore peaks.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Botrytis airborne spores predominated from inflorescence emergence through flowering.
- Taxon
- Vineyardst0
- Organ / stage
- Inflorescence emerge phenological stage (S-5)e1
- Outcome
- Botrytis airborne sporese1
- Direction
- predominante1
- Setting
- North-western (NW) Spaine0
BotrytisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two viticulture areas from North-western (NW) Spain”
e1“predominant concentration of the Botrytis airborne spores, mainly from the beginning of the Inflorescence emerge phenological stage (S-5) until the end of the Flowering phenological stage (S-6)”
t0“Vineyards”
Claim · model-written summary
Erysiphe spore peaks occurred around flowering and fruit development.
- Taxon
- Vineyardst0
- Organ / stage
- Flowering (S-6) and Development of fruits (S-7)e0
- Outcome
- Erysiphe and Plasmopara airborne spore peak concentrationse0
- Direction
- more localisede0
ErysipheOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vineyards”
e0“Erysiphe and Plasmopara airborne spore peak concentrations were more localised around Flowering (S-6) and Development of fruits (S-7) phenological stages.”
Claim · model-written summary
Plasmopara spore peaks occurred around flowering and fruit development.
- Taxon
- Vineyardst0
- Organ / stage
- Flowering (S-6) and Development of fruits (S-7)e0
- Interactor
- Plasmopara
Plasmoparae0pathogen - Outcome
- Erysiphe and Plasmopara airborne spore peak concentrationse0
- Direction
- more localisede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vineyards”
e0“Erysiphe and Plasmopara airborne spore peak concentrations were more localised around Flowering (S-6) and Development of fruits (S-7) phenological stages.”
Claim · model-written summary
The Botrytis regression model explained 59.4–70.9% of spore concentration variability.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vineyards”
e0“The Botrytis model regression equation explained between 59.4–70.9% of spore concentration variability.”
Claim · model-written summary
The Erysiphe regression model explained 57.6–61% of spore concentration variability.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vineyards”
e0“The Erysiphe equation explained between 57.6–61%”
Claim · model-written summary
The Plasmopara regression model explained 39.9–55.8% of spore concentration variability.
- Taxon
- Vineyardst0
- Interactor
- PlasmoparaPlasmoparae0pathogen
- Outcome
- Plasmoparae0
- Value
- 39.9–55.8%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vineyards”
e0“the Plasmopara explained between 39.9–55.8%”
Claim · model-written summary
The models predicted mean daily concentrations better than sporadic spore peaks.
Verbatim
t0“Vineyards”
e0“we found better prediction results for mean daily concentrations than sporadic spore peaks”