Abstract
Background. To obtain sustainable and high rice yields, it is crucial to select the best cultivars adapted to the cultivation in the main rice-growing areas. Combining high yields and technological quality indicators of wholegrain and milled rice is of vital importance. The practical solution of such an important task largely depends on successful breeding work. Materials and methods. Eight rice cultivars were evaluated in competitive trials in 2016–2018. Experimental plots were arranged within the rice irrigation system of the All-Russian Rice Research Institute in Belozerny Settlement, Krasnodar Territory. During the growing season, the following traits were visually evaluated: plant density, resistance to lodging, disease and pest infestation, and uniformity of crops. Screening and discarding operations on the plots planned for harvesting were followed by making model sheaves of 10–15 plants each for biometric analysis. Technological characteristics of wholegrain and milled rice were measured according to GOST 10843-76 and GOST 10987-76 standards. The results were mathematically processed and proved reliable. Results. Four promising cultivars ‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’ with a set of economically useful traits significantly exceeding the standard reference (st) ‘Flagman’ were selected. Their yield was 9.0 t/ha; 1000 grain weight: 29.3; 28.1; 30.4 and 26.3 g; hull percentage: 17.7; 19.7; 19.5 and 21.4%; and wholegrain content: 88.5; 93.5; 89.4 and 97.8%, respectively. Significantly high yields of these cultivars are due to the optimal number of fertile spikelets (150–160 pcs), panicle density (9.8–12.6 pcs/cm), and significant weight of grain from the main panicle (3.7–4.4 g), with an average sterility of 14.2–20.3%. A close positive correlation of yield traits with wholegrain content was observed in cvs. ‘VNIIR 10282’, ‘VNIIR 10279’, ‘VNIIR 10276’ and ‘VNIIR 10275’ (r = 0.92– 0.98). An inverse relationship between yield and kernel fissuring was observed in most genotypes, which testifies to the potential possibility of increasing their yield without the risk of reducing milled rice yield or wholegrain content. Conclusion. The evaluation resulted in identifying four promising rice cultivars: ‘VNIIR 10244’ and ‘VNIIR 10279’ (large-grain), ‘VNIIR 10275’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’ (medium-sized grain). They significantly exceeded the standard reference ‘Flagman’ in a set of economically useful traits: yield and its structural elements as well as technological characters of wholegrain and milled rice quality. The best of the selected genotypes according to the optimal ratio of the studied traits will be submitted to the State Variety Trials in 2019–2020.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Four rice cultivars exceeded Flagman for economically useful traits.
- Taxon
- RICE
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- economically useful traitse0
- Direction
- exceedinge0
- Comparator
- Flagmane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“Four promising cultivars ‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’ with a set of economically useful traits significantly exceeding the standard reference (st) ‘Flagman’ were selected.”
Claim · model-written summary
Selected rice cultivars yielded 9.0 t/ha.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Value
- 9.0 t/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“Their yield was 9.0 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10244 had 1000 grain weight of 29.3 g.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10244e0
- Outcome
- 1000 grain weighte1
- Value
- 29.3e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“1000 grain weight: 29.3; 28.1; 30.4 and 26.3 g”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10275 had 1000 grain weight of 28.1 g.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10275e0
- Outcome
- 1000 grain weighte1
- Value
- 28.1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“1000 grain weight: 29.3; 28.1; 30.4 and 26.3 g”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10279 had 1000 grain weight of 30.4 g.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10279e0
- Outcome
- 1000 grain weighte1
- Value
- 30.4e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“1000 grain weight: 29.3; 28.1; 30.4 and 26.3 g”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10282 had 1000 grain weight of 26.3 g.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10282e0
- Outcome
- 1000 grain weighte1
- Value
- 26.3 ge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“1000 grain weight: 29.3; 28.1; 30.4 and 26.3 g”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10244 hull percentage was 17.7%.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10244e0
- Outcome
- hull percentagee1
- Value
- 17.7e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“hull percentage: 17.7; 19.7; 19.5 and 21.4%”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10275 hull percentage was 19.7%.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10275e0
- Outcome
- hull percentagee1
- Value
- 19.7e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“hull percentage: 17.7; 19.7; 19.5 and 21.4%”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10279 hull percentage was 19.5%.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10279e0
- Outcome
- hull percentagee1
- Value
- 19.5e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“hull percentage: 17.7; 19.7; 19.5 and 21.4%”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10282 hull percentage was 21.4%.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10282e0
- Outcome
- hull percentagee1
- Value
- 21.4%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“hull percentage: 17.7; 19.7; 19.5 and 21.4%”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10244 wholegrain content was 88.5%.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10244e0
- Outcome
- wholegrain contente1
- Value
- 88.5e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“wholegrain content: 88.5; 93.5; 89.4 and 97.8%”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10275 wholegrain content was 93.5%.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10275e0
- Outcome
- wholegrain contente1
- Value
- 93.5e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“wholegrain content: 88.5; 93.5; 89.4 and 97.8%”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10279 wholegrain content was 89.4%.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10279e0
- Outcome
- wholegrain contente1
- Value
- 89.4e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“wholegrain content: 88.5; 93.5; 89.4 and 97.8%”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10282 wholegrain content was 97.8%.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10282e0
- Outcome
- wholegrain contente1
- Value
- 97.8%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’, ‘VNIIR 10275’, ‘VNIIR 10279’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’”
e1“wholegrain content: 88.5; 93.5; 89.4 and 97.8%”
Claim · model-written summary
High yields were attributed to 150–160 fertile spikelets and 9.8–12.6 panicle density.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- high yieldse0
- Qualifier
- optimal number of fertile spikeletse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“Significantly high yields of these cultivars are due to the optimal number of fertile spikelets (150–160 pcs), panicle density (9.8–12.6 pcs/cm), and significant weight of grain from the main panicle (3.7–4.4 g), with an average sterility of 14.2–20.3%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield traits correlated positively with wholegrain content in four named cultivars.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- wholegrain contente0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Value
- r = 0.92– 0.98e0
- Comparator
- yield traitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“A close positive correlation of yield traits with wholegrain content was observed in cvs. ‘VNIIR 10282’, ‘VNIIR 10279’, ‘VNIIR 10276’ and ‘VNIIR 10275’ (r = 0.92– 0.98).”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield and kernel fissuring were inversely related in most genotypes.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- kernel fissuringe0
- Direction
- inversee0
- Qualifier
- most genotypese0
- Comparator
- yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“An inverse relationship between yield and kernel fissuring was observed in most genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10244 and VNIIR 10279 were identified as promising large-grain cultivars.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10244e0
- Outcome
- large-graine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10244’ and ‘VNIIR 10279’ (large-grain)”
Claim · model-written summary
VNIIR 10275 and VNIIR 10282 were identified as promising medium-grain cultivars.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Material
- VNIIR 10275e0
- Outcome
- medium-sized graine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“‘VNIIR 10275’ and ‘VNIIR 10282’ (medium-sized grain)”
Claim · model-written summary
The best selected genotypes were slated for State Variety Trials.
- Taxon
- RICEOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- submitted to the State Variety Trialse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHOLEGRAIN AND MILLED RICE”
e0“The best of the selected genotypes according to the optimal ratio of the studied traits will be submitted to the State Variety Trials in 2019–2020.”