Abstract
Abstract Fungicides protect winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield potential by managing foliar fungal diseases, but little information comparing one vs. two applications is available for the US southern Great Plains. Field experiments conducted from 2016–2018 at two Oklahoma locations (Apache and Stillwater) used two winter wheat cultivars (‘Gallagher’ and ‘Bentley’) and four fungicide application timings (control, Feekes 6, Feekes 9, and Feekes 6 + 9). Disease levels were highest during 2017 due to leaf rust. Dry conditions during 2018 limited disease development overall. Fungicide applications resulted in significantly higher yields in three of eight year × location × cultivar comparisons, all during 2017. The Feekes 6 + 9 treatment only showed the highest grain yield for the leaf rust‐susceptible cultivar Bentley at Stillwater that season. Partial profit was also examined by year, location, and cultivar using four fungicide cost scenarios at three grain sale prices. Only 22 of 96 comparisons showed significant positive partial profit from fungicide use, and all occurred at Stillwater during 2017. Two fungicide applications had the highest profit in 4 of the 22 comparisons for the cultivar Bentley. However, a single application of a low‐cost fungicide was most often among the highest profitable fungicide treatments, depending when higher disease levels were present. Partial profits from one and two fungicide applications were not significant or significantly negative when disease levels were low. Knowledge of cultivar disease susceptibility and disease scouting need to be considered to economically justify one or two fungicide applications in Oklahoma winter wheat.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide applications significantly increased yields in three of eight comparisons, all during 2017.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Fungicide applicationse2
- Outcome
- yieldse2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- three of eighte2
- Qualifier
- all during 2017e2
- Setting
- Apache and Stillwatere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in oklahoma winter wheat”
e1“Field experiments conducted from 2016–2018 at two Oklahoma locations (Apache and Stillwater)”
e2“Fungicide applications resulted in significantly higher yields in three of eight year × location × cultivar comparisons, all during 2017”
Claim · model-written summary
The Feekes 6 + 9 treatment gave the highest grain yield for cultivar Bentley at Stillwater in 2017.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Bentleye1
- Treatment
- Feekes 6 + 9e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Setting
- Stillwatere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in oklahoma winter wheat”
e1“The Feekes 6 + 9 treatment only showed the highest grain yield for the leaf rust‐susceptible cultivar Bentley at Stillwater that season”
Claim · model-written summary
Only 22 of 96 comparisons showed significant positive partial profit from fungicide use, all at Stillwater in 2017.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fungicide usee1
- Outcome
- partial profite1
- Value
- 22 of 96 comparisonse1
- Setting
- Stillwatere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in oklahoma winter wheat”
e1“Only 22 of 96 comparisons showed significant positive partial profit from fungicide use, and all occurred at Stillwater during 2017”
Claim · model-written summary
Two fungicide applications gave the highest profit in 4 of 22 comparisons, all for Bentley.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Bentleye1
- Treatment
- Two fungicide applicationse1
- Outcome
- profite1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 4 of the 22 comparisonse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in oklahoma winter wheat”
e1“Two fungicide applications had the highest profit in 4 of the 22 comparisons for the cultivar Bentley”
Claim · model-written summary
A single application of a low-cost fungicide was most often among the most profitable treatments, depending on disease levels.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- single applicatione1
- Outcome
- profitable fungicide treatmentse1
- Direction
- most often among the higheste1
- Qualifier
- depending when higher disease levels were presente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in oklahoma winter wheat”
e1“However, a single application of a low‐cost fungicide was most often among the highest profitable fungicide treatments, depending when higher disease levels were present”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial profits from one and two fungicide applications were not significant or significantly negative when disease levels were low.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- one and two fungicide applicationse1
- Outcome
- Partial profitse1
- Qualifier
- when disease levels were lowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in oklahoma winter wheat”
e1“Partial profits from one and two fungicide applications were not significant or significantly negative when disease levels were low”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease levels were highest in 2017 due to leaf rust.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- leaf ruste1pathogen
- Outcome
- Disease levelse1
- Qualifier
- due to leaf ruste1
- Setting
- during 2017e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in oklahoma winter wheat”
e1“Disease levels were highest during 2017 due to leaf rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry conditions in 2018 limited disease development overall.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Dry conditions during 2018e1
- Outcome
- disease developmente1
- Direction
- limitede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in oklahoma winter wheat”
e1“Dry conditions during 2018 limited disease development overall”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend that cultivar disease susceptibility and disease scouting be considered before choosing one or two fungicide applications.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- economically justify one or two fungicide applicationse1
- Qualifier
- Knowledge of cultivar disease susceptibility and disease scoutinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in oklahoma winter wheat”
e1“Knowledge of cultivar disease susceptibility and disease scouting need to be considered to economically justify one or two fungicide applications in Oklahoma winter wheat”
The same questions in other papers
fungicide · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
231 papers in the same direction as this paper · 30 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
258 papers more in this group
See all 262 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.