Abstract
When attacked by herbivores, plants emit volatiles to attract parasitoids and predators of herbivores. However, our understanding of the effect of plant volatiles on the subsequent behaviour of conspecific parasitoids when herbivores on plants are parasitized is limited. In this study, rice plants were infested with gravid females of the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens for 24 hr followed by another 24 hr in which the BPH eggs on plants were permitted to be parasitized by their egg parasitoid, Anagrus nilaparvatae; volatiles from rice plants that underwent such treatment were less attractive to subsequent conspecific parasitoids compared to the volatiles from plants infested with gravid BPH females alone. Chemical analysis revealed that levels of JA and JA-Ile as well as of four volatile compounds-linalool, MeSA, α-zingiberene and an unknown compound-from plants infested with BPH and parasitized by wasps were significantly higher than levels of these compounds from BPH-infested plants. Laboratory and field bioassays revealed that one of the four increased chemicals-α-zingiberene-reduced the plant's attractiveness to the parasitoid. These results suggest that host plants can fine-tune their volatiles to help egg parasitoids distinguish host habitats with parasitized hosts from those without.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Volatiles from BPH-infested rice with parasitized eggs attracted fewer subsequent parasitoids than volatiles from BPH-only infested rice.
- Taxon
- rice plants
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- such treatmente0
- Interactor
- Anagrus nilaparvataeAnagrus nilaparvataee1othere0
- Second interactor
- Nilaparvata lugens
Nilaparvata lugense1peste0 - Outcome
- less attractive to subsequent conspecific parasitoidse0
- Direction
- less attractivee0
- Comparator
- plants infested with gravid BPH females alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“volatiles from rice plants that underwent such treatment were less attractive to subsequent conspecific parasitoids compared to the volatiles from plants infested with gravid BPH females alone.”
e1“brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens for 24 hr followed by another 24 hr in which the BPH eggs on plants were permitted to be parasitized by their egg parasitoid, Anagrus nilaparvatae”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice with BPH and wasp parasitism had higher JA levels than BPH-only rice.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- plants infested with BPH and parasitized by waspse0
- Interactor
- BPHe0pest
- Outcome
- levels of JAe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- BPH-infested plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“levels of JA and JA-Ile as well as of four volatile compounds-linalool, MeSA, α-zingiberene and an unknown compound-from plants infested with BPH and parasitized by wasps were significantly higher than levels of these compounds from BPH-infested plants.”
t0“rice plants were infested”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice with BPH and wasp parasitism had higher JA-Ile levels than BPH-only rice.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- plants infested with BPH and parasitized by waspse0
- Interactor
- BPHe0pest
- Outcome
- JA-Ilee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- BPH-infested plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“levels of JA and JA-Ile as well as of four volatile compounds-linalool, MeSA, α-zingiberene and an unknown compound-from plants infested with BPH and parasitized by wasps were significantly higher than levels of these compounds from BPH-infested plants.”
t0“rice plants were infested”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice with BPH and wasp parasitism had higher linalool and MeSA than BPH-only rice.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- plants infested with BPH and parasitized by waspse0
- Interactor
- BPHe0pest
- Outcome
- linalool, MeSAe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- BPH-infested plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“levels of JA and JA-Ile as well as of four volatile compounds-linalool, MeSA, α-zingiberene and an unknown compound-from plants infested with BPH and parasitized by wasps were significantly higher than levels of these compounds from BPH-infested plants.”
t0“rice plants were infested”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice with BPH and wasp parasitism had higher α-zingiberene and an unknown volatile than BPH-only rice.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- plants infested with BPH and parasitized by waspse0
- Interactor
- BPHe0pest
- Outcome
- α-zingiberene and an unknown compounde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- BPH-infested plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“levels of JA and JA-Ile as well as of four volatile compounds-linalool, MeSA, α-zingiberene and an unknown compound-from plants infested with BPH and parasitized by wasps were significantly higher than levels of these compounds from BPH-infested plants.”
t0“rice plants were infested”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer that rice plants adjust volatiles to help parasitoids distinguish habitats with and without parasitized hosts.
Verbatim
e0“host plants can fine-tune their volatiles to help egg parasitoids distinguish host habitats with parasitized hosts from those without.”
e1“brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens for 24 hr followed by another 24 hr in which the BPH eggs on plants were permitted to be parasitized by their egg parasitoid, Anagrus nilaparvatae”