Abstract
Citrus bacterial canker, caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc), is a widespread disease in citrus-producing areas of the tropics and subtropics. It is a serious threat to most commercial citrus cultivars and species. In this study, aggressiveness of different isolates of Xcc was determined on leaves of Citrus aurantiifolia, Citrus limon ‘Eureka’ and Citrus sinensis, and the population dynamics of isolates of two Xcc pathotypes (A and A*) was evaluated on eight plant species considered weeds of citrus, including Amaranthus caudatus, Medicago sativa, Sorghum halepense, Xanthium strumarium, Portulaca oleracea, Avena ludoviciana, Plantago lanceolata and Chenopodium album under greenhouse conditions. Isolates varied from aggressive to weakly aggressive on the basis of the intensity and persistence of water soaking and the development of necrosis 12 days post-inoculation. Both Xcc pathotypes multiplied on all plant species tested except Portulaca oleracea up to 20 days post-inoculation under greenhouse conditions. A high bacterial growth rate was observed on Medicago sativa and Plantago lanceolata. Strains of the A* pathotype successfully proliferated on all weeds except Portulaca oleracea, attaining a population density even higher than that of the A pathotype. The results clearly suggest that weed management is an important strategy in controlling canker disease in citrus-growing areas.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Xanthomonas isolates varied in aggressiveness on citrus leaves.
- Interactor
- Isolatese0pathogen
- Outcome
- intensity and persistence of water soaking and the development of necrosise0
- Qualifier
- 12 days post-inoculatione0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Isolates varied from aggressive to weakly aggressive on the basis of the intensity and persistence of water soaking and the development of necrosis 12 days post-inoculation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Both Xcc pathotypes multiplied on all tested weed species except Portulaca oleracea for up to 20 days.
- Taxon
- plant species tested except Portulaca oleracea
Portulaca oleraceae0 - Interactor
- Xcce0pathogen
- Outcome
- multipliede0
- Qualifier
- up to 20 days post-inoculatione0
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both Xcc pathotypes multiplied on all plant species tested except Portulaca oleracea up to 20 days post-inoculation under greenhouse conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Xcc growth was high on Medicago sativa and Plantago lanceolata.
- Taxon
- Medicago sativa and Plantago lanceolata
Medicago sativa
Plantago lanceolatae0 - Outcome
- bacterial growth ratee0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A high bacterial growth rate was observed on Medicago sativa and Plantago lanceolata.”
Claim · model-written summary
The A* pathotype proliferated on every tested weed except Portulaca oleracea and reached greater density than A.
- Taxon
- all weeds except Portulaca oleraceaPortulaca oleraceae0
- Interactor
- A* pathotypee0pathogen
- Outcome
- population densitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- A pathotypee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Strains of the A* pathotype successfully proliferated on all weeds except Portulaca oleracea, attaining a population density even higher than that of the A pathotype.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend weed management to control citrus canker.
- Outcome
- controlling canker diseasee0
CitrusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management is an important strategy in controlling canker disease in citrus-growing areas.”