Abstract
The study included testing the biological effect of alcoholic extracts of three plants separately and the plants are Cabbage, Cauliflower, and Leek on two-spotted spider mite eggs. The concentrations used were (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%) by direct spraying method, and the percentage of eggs hatching was read after (24,48,72, and 96) hours of treatment, equivalent to (4, 5, 6 and 7) days after oviposition. Furthermore, the study showed that there are significant effects of extracts in inhibition of the eggs hatching, where the lowest percentage of eggs hatching (the highest inhibition percentage) for the treatment was 5%. While the hatching percentage of the Cabbage extract was(0, 0 and 1%) as the inhibition percentage of eggs hatching (100, 100, 99 and 99) and for Leek (0, 2, 2 and 0%) is equivalent to inhibition percentage: (100, 100, 98 and98%) and for Cauliflower was (0%) that equal to inhibition percentage 100% for the four readings respectively. The highest percentage of eggs hatching (the lowest inhibition percentage) was for the comparison treatment (0%). Through increasing the concentration of extracts, the inhibition percentage of eggs hatching increases due to the increase in the percentage of active compounds present in them, which led to inhibition of hatching and ending the pest life cycle, especially with the high concentrations of each extract. As for the subsequent stages of the hatched eggs that treated with the Cabbage extract for high concentrations, resulted in dead larvae. Moreover, at lower concentrations, a few numbers of larvae developed into nymphs, most of which died, and the rest developed into an adult which died immediately after developing. As well as, the eggs treated with Leek extract, with the difference that the resulting nymphs all died and did not develop, while all concentrations of the Cauliflower extract, a few numbers of hatching eggs resulted in larvae died immediately after hatching. Whereas, the larvae resulting from eggs hatching the comparison treatments continued their development down to the adult stage from female and male.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cabbage extract inhibited hatching of two-spotted spider mite eggs, with inhibition percentages of 100, 100, 99 and 99 across the readings.
- Taxon
- Cabbage
Brassica oleracea var. capitatae1 - Treatment
- alcoholic extractse0
- Interactor
- Teranychus urticaet0pest
- Outcome
- inhibition percentage of eggs hatchinge1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
- Value
- 100, 100, 99 and 99e1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study included testing the biological effect of alcoholic extracts of three plants separately and the plants are Cabbage, Cauliflower, and Leek on two-spotted spider mite eggs”
e1“the hatching percentage of the Cabbage extract was(0, 0 and 1%) as the inhibition percentage of eggs hatching (100, 100, 99 and 99)”
e2“The highest percentage of eggs hatching (the lowest inhibition percentage) was for the comparison treatment (0%)”
e3“Through increasing the concentration of extracts, the inhibition percentage of eggs hatching increases”
t0“Teranychus urticae Koch”
Claim · model-written summary
Leek extract inhibited hatching of two-spotted spider mite eggs, with inhibition percentages of 100, 100, 98 and 98% across the readings.
- Taxon
- Leek
Allium ampeloprasume1 - Treatment
- alcoholic extractse0
- Interactor
- Teranychus urticaet0pest
- Outcome
- inhibition percentagee1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
- Value
- 100, 100, 98 and98%e1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study included testing the biological effect of alcoholic extracts of three plants separately and the plants are Cabbage, Cauliflower, and Leek on two-spotted spider mite eggs”
e1“for Leek (0, 2, 2 and 0%) is equivalent to inhibition percentage: (100, 100, 98 and98%)”
e2“The highest percentage of eggs hatching (the lowest inhibition percentage) was for the comparison treatment (0%)”
e3“Through increasing the concentration of extracts, the inhibition percentage of eggs hatching increases”
t0“Teranychus urticae Koch”
Claim · model-written summary
Cauliflower extract gave 100% inhibition of egg hatching in all four readings.
- Taxon
- Cauliflower
Brassica oleracea var. botrytise1 - Treatment
- alcoholic extractse0
- Interactor
- Teranychus urticaet0pest
- Outcome
- inhibition percentagee1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
- Value
- 100%e1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study included testing the biological effect of alcoholic extracts of three plants separately and the plants are Cabbage, Cauliflower, and Leek on two-spotted spider mite eggs”
e1“for Cauliflower was (0%) that equal to inhibition percentage 100% for the four readings respectively”
e2“The highest percentage of eggs hatching (the lowest inhibition percentage) was for the comparison treatment (0%)”
e3“Through increasing the concentration of extracts, the inhibition percentage of eggs hatching increases”
t0“Teranychus urticae Koch”
Claim · model-written summary
Cabbage extract at high concentrations resulted in dead larvae from hatched eggs.
- Taxon
- CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- Cabbage extract for high concentrationse0
- Interactor
- Teranychus urticaet0pest
- Outcome
- dead larvaee0
- Comparator
- comparison treatmentse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As for the subsequent stages of the hatched eggs that treated with the Cabbage extract for high concentrations, resulted in dead larvae”
e1“the larvae resulting from eggs hatching the comparison treatments continued their development down to the adult stage from female and male”
t0“Teranychus urticae Koch”
Claim · model-written summary
At lower Cabbage extract concentrations, a few larvae developed into nymphs, most of which died.
- Taxon
- CabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae0
- Treatment
- lower concentrationse1
- Interactor
- Teranychus urticaet0pest
- Outcome
- nymphs, most of which diede1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmentse2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As for the subsequent stages of the hatched eggs that treated with the Cabbage extract for high concentrations, resulted in dead larvae”
e1“at lower concentrations, a few numbers of larvae developed into nymphs, most of which died”
e2“the larvae resulting from eggs hatching the comparison treatments continued their development down to the adult stage from female and male”
t0“Teranychus urticae Koch”
Claim · model-written summary
Leek extract-treated eggs produced nymphs that all died without developing.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasume0
- Treatment
- Leek extracte0
- Interactor
- Teranychus urticaet0pest
- Outcome
- resulting nymphs all diede0
- Comparator
- comparison treatmentse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the eggs treated with Leek extract, with the difference that the resulting nymphs all died and did not develop”
e1“the larvae resulting from eggs hatching the comparison treatments continued their development down to the adult stage from female and male”
t0“Teranychus urticae Koch”
Claim · model-written summary
Cauliflower extract at all concentrations led to larvae from a few hatching eggs dying immediately after hatching.
- Taxon
- CauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytise0
- Treatment
- Cauliflower extracte0
- Interactor
- Teranychus urticaet0pest
- Outcome
- larvae died immediately after hatchinge0
- Comparator
- comparison treatmentse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all concentrations of the Cauliflower extract, a few numbers of hatching eggs resulted in larvae died immediately after hatching”
e1“the larvae resulting from eggs hatching the comparison treatments continued their development down to the adult stage from female and male”
t0“Teranychus urticae Koch”
Claim · model-written summary
Larvae from eggs in the comparison treatments continued development to adult females and males.
- Taxon
- Cabbage, Cauliflower, and LeekBrassica oleracea var. botrytisBrassica oleracea var. capitataAllium ampeloprasume0
- Outcome
- continued their development down to the adult stagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study included testing the biological effect of alcoholic extracts of three plants separately and the plants are Cabbage, Cauliflower, and Leek on two-spotted spider mite eggs”
e1“the larvae resulting from eggs hatching the comparison treatments continued their development down to the adult stage from female and male”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing the concentration of the plant extracts increased the inhibition percentage of egg hatching, with significant effects of the extracts.
- Taxon
- Cabbage, Cauliflower, and LeekBrassica oleracea var. botrytisBrassica oleracea var. capitataAllium ampeloprasume0
- Treatment
- concentration of extractse1
- Interactor
- Teranychus urticaet0pest
- Outcome
- inhibition percentage of eggs hatchinge1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study included testing the biological effect of alcoholic extracts of three plants separately and the plants are Cabbage, Cauliflower, and Leek on two-spotted spider mite eggs”
e1“Through increasing the concentration of extracts, the inhibition percentage of eggs hatching increases”
e2“The highest percentage of eggs hatching (the lowest inhibition percentage) was for the comparison treatment (0%)”
e3“the study showed that there are significant effects of extracts in inhibition of the eggs hatching”
t0“Teranychus urticae Koch”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.