Abstract
Transmission is a crucial part of a viral life cycle and transmission mode can have an important impact on virus biology. It was demonstrated that transmission mode can influence the virulence and evolution of a virus; however, few empirical data are available to describe the direct underlying changes in virus population structure dynamics within the host. Potato virus Y (PVY) is an RNA virus and one of the most damaging pathogens of potato. It comprises several genetically variable strains that are transmitted between plants via different transmission modes. To investigate how transmission modes affect the within-plant viral population structure, we have used a deep sequencing approach to examine the changes in the genetic structure of populations (in leaves and tubers) of three PVY strains after successive passages by horizontal (aphid and mechanical) and vertical (via tubers) transmission modes. Nucleotide diversities of viral populations were significantly influenced by transmission modes; lineages transmitted by aphids were the least diverse, whereas lineages transmitted by tubers were the most diverse. Differences in nucleotide diversities of viral populations between leaves and tubers were transmission mode-dependent, with higher diversities in tubers than in leaves for aphid and mechanically transmitted lineages. Furthermore, aphid and tuber transmissions were shown to impose stronger genetic bottlenecks than mechanical transmission. To better understand the structure of virus populations within the host, transmission mode, movement of the virus within the host, and the number of replication cycles after transmission event need to be considered. Collectively, our results suggest a significant impact of virus transmission modes on the within-plant diversity of virus populations and provide quantitative fundamental data for understanding how transmission can shape virus diversity in the natural ecosystems, where different transmission modes are expected to affect virus population structure and consequently its evolution.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Transmission mode significantly influenced PVY population nucleotide diversity.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Treatment
- transmission modese0
- Interactor
- potato virus Y
Potato virus Yt0pathogen - Outcome
- Nucleotide diversities of viral populationse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nucleotide diversities of viral populations were significantly influenced by transmission modes”
t0“potato virus Y in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Aphid transmitted PVY lineages were least diverse.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Interactor
- potato virus YPotato virus Yt0pathogen
- Outcome
- lineages transmitted by aphidse0
- Direction
- least diversee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lineages transmitted by aphids were the least diverse”
t0“potato virus Y in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Tuber transmitted PVY lineages were most diverse.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Interactor
- potato virus YPotato virus Yt0pathogen
- Outcome
- lineages transmitted by tuberse0
- Direction
- most diversee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lineages transmitted by tubers were the most diverse”
t0“potato virus Y in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences in PVY nucleotide diversity between leaves and tubers depended on transmission mode.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaves and tuberse0
- Treatment
- transmission modee0
- Interactor
- potato virus YPotato virus Yt0pathogen
- Outcome
- nucleotide diversities of viral populationse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Differences in nucleotide diversities of viral populations between leaves and tubers were transmission mode-dependent”
t0“potato virus Y in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Aphid transmitted lineages had higher PVY diversity in tubers than leaves.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Organ / stage
- tuberse0
- Interactor
- potato virus YPotato virus Yt0pathogen
- Outcome
- diversitiese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- aphide0
- Comparator
- leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher diversities in tubers than in leaves for aphid and mechanically transmitted lineages”
t0“potato virus Y in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanically transmitted lineages had higher PVY diversity in tubers than leaves.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Organ / stage
- tuberse0
- Interactor
- potato virus YPotato virus Yt0pathogen
- Outcome
- diversitiese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- mechanically transmitted lineagese0
- Comparator
- leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher diversities in tubers than in leaves for aphid and mechanically transmitted lineages”
t0“potato virus Y in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Aphid transmission imposed a stronger PVY genetic bottleneck than mechanical transmission.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- aphide0
- Interactor
- potato virus YPotato virus Yt0pathogen
- Outcome
- genetic bottleneckse0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Comparator
- mechanical transmissione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aphid and tuber transmissions were shown to impose stronger genetic bottlenecks than mechanical transmission”
t0“potato virus Y in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Tuber transmission imposed a stronger PVY genetic bottleneck than mechanical transmission.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- tuber transmissionse0
- Interactor
- potato virus YPotato virus Yt0pathogen
- Outcome
- genetic bottleneckse0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Comparator
- mechanical transmissione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aphid and tuber transmissions were shown to impose stronger genetic bottlenecks than mechanical transmission”
t0“potato virus Y in potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Understanding within-host PVY populations requires accounting for transmission mode, viral movement and post-transmission replication cycles.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Interactor
- potato virus YPotato virus Yt0pathogen
- Outcome
- need to be considerede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transmission mode, movement of the virus within the host, and the number of replication cycles after transmission event need to be considered”
t0“potato virus Y in potato”