Abstract
Hot Pepper is an important food and cash crop in eastern Ethiopia including Daro labu and Boke Districts of West Hararghe Zone. A field experiment was conducted in Daro labu and Boke Districts, under rainfed during 2016-2017 cropping season, with the objectives of to determine the influence of NP fertilizers rates and method of planting on the yield and yield components of hot pepper and to estimate the cost-benefit of application fertilize rates and planting method in hot pepper production. Mareko fana variety, which is the dominant hot pepper variety produced in the area was used as planting material for the study, The treatments consisted of five combined rates of Nitrogen and phosphorus (0/0, 41/46, 61/69, 82/92 and 102/115 kg level of N/P2O5 ha-1) and three methods of planting (broadcasting, drilling and transplanting method) were used. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design in a 5 x 3 factorial arrangement and replicated three times. From the combined analysis of variance over the location, the result revealed that the two main factors fertilizer rates and planting method had a significant effect on all traits, except that fertilizer and planting method had a non-significant effect on fruit diameter, from interaction effect of fertilizer rates and planting methods, the highest mean of plant height (64.24cm), canopy diameter (44.15cm) and fruit number (26.70) per plant were obtained from 102/115kg N/P ha-1 in combined with drilling planting method. The highest fruit length (9.33cm), diameter (3.92), weight (2.82 gm), marketable (2.05t/ha) and total yield (2.26 t/ha) were recorded from plots that received 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizers combined with drilling planting method, while the lowest dry pod yield (0.55t/ha) was obtained from plot received control 0/0 kg NP ha-1 combined with transplanting method. While the highest unmarketable fruit yield (0.42 t/ha) was recorded from control (0/0) with the broadcasting method. Moreover, Partial budget analysis result has shown that application of 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizer rate with combined with drilling planting method was found to be economically viable with net income 71572.25 of Birr ha-1 with 265.28% marginal rate of return was obtained from the application of 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizer rate combined with drilling sowing method. Therefore, it could be recommended for the production of hot pepper crops in the study area and similar agro ecology.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer rate and planting method significantly affected most measured hot pepper traits.
- Taxon
- Hot Pepper
Capsicum frutescenst0 - Treatment
- fertilizer rates and planting methode0
- Outcome
- all traitse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the two main factors fertilizer rates and planting method had a significant effect on all traits”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer and planting method did not significantly affect fruit diameter.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- fertilizer and planting methode0
- Outcome
- fruit diametere0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilizer and planting method had a non-significant effect on fruit diameter”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 rate with drilling gave the highest plant height, 64.24cm.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- 102/115kg N/P ha-1 in combined with drilling planting methode0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 64.24cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest mean of plant height (64.24cm), canopy diameter (44.15cm) and fruit number (26.70) per plant were obtained from 102/115kg N/P ha-1 in combined with drilling planting method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combination gave the highest canopy diameter, 44.15cm.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- 102/115kg N/P ha-1 in combined with drilling planting methode0
- Outcome
- canopy diametere0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 44.15cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest mean of plant height (64.24cm), canopy diameter (44.15cm) and fruit number (26.70) per plant were obtained from 102/115kg N/P ha-1 in combined with drilling planting method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combination gave the highest fruit number, 26.70 per plant.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- 102/115kg N/P ha-1 in combined with drilling planting methode0
- Outcome
- fruit numbere0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 26.70e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest mean of plant height (64.24cm), canopy diameter (44.15cm) and fruit number (26.70) per plant were obtained from 102/115kg N/P ha-1 in combined with drilling planting method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 rate with drilling gave the longest fruit, 9.33cm.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizers combined with drilling planting methode0
- Outcome
- fruit lengthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 9.33cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit length (9.33cm), diameter (3.92), weight (2.82 gm), marketable (2.05t/ha) and total yield (2.26 t/ha) were recorded from plots that received 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizers combined with drilling planting method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combination gave the largest fruit diameter, 3.92.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizers combined with drilling planting methode0
- Outcome
- diametere0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.92e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit length (9.33cm), diameter (3.92), weight (2.82 gm), marketable (2.05t/ha) and total yield (2.26 t/ha) were recorded from plots that received 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizers combined with drilling planting method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combination gave the greatest fruit weight, 2.82 gm.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizers combined with drilling planting methode0
- Outcome
- weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.82 gme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit length (9.33cm), diameter (3.92), weight (2.82 gm), marketable (2.05t/ha) and total yield (2.26 t/ha) were recorded from plots that received 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizers combined with drilling planting method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combination gave the highest marketable yield, 2.05t/ha.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizers combined with drilling planting methode0
- Outcome
- marketablee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.05t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit length (9.33cm), diameter (3.92), weight (2.82 gm), marketable (2.05t/ha) and total yield (2.26 t/ha) were recorded from plots that received 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizers combined with drilling planting method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The same combination gave the highest total yield, 2.26 t/ha.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizers combined with drilling planting methode0
- Outcome
- total yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.26 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fruit length (9.33cm), diameter (3.92), weight (2.82 gm), marketable (2.05t/ha) and total yield (2.26 t/ha) were recorded from plots that received 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizers combined with drilling planting method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero NP fertilizer with transplanting gave the lowest dry pod yield, 0.55t/ha.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- control 0/0 kg NP ha-1 combined with transplanting methode0
- Outcome
- dry pod yielde0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0.55t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest dry pod yield (0.55t/ha) was obtained from plot received control 0/0 kg NP ha-1 combined with transplanting method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero fertilizer with broadcasting gave the highest unmarketable fruit yield, 0.42 t/ha.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- control (0/0) with the broadcasting methode0
- Outcome
- unmarketable fruit yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 0.42 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest unmarketable fruit yield (0.42 t/ha) was recorded from control (0/0) with the broadcasting method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The high NP rate with drilling gave net income of 71572.25 Birr ha-1.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizer rate combined with drilling sowing methode1
- Outcome
- net incomee0
- Value
- 71572.25 of Birr ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“net income 71572.25 of Birr ha-1”
e1“application of 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizer rate combined with drilling sowing method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The high NP rate with drilling gave a 265.28% marginal return rate.
- Taxon
- Hot PepperCapsicum frutescenst0
- Treatment
- 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizer rate combined with drilling sowing methode1
- Outcome
- marginal rate of returne0
- Value
- 265.28%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“265.28% marginal rate of return”
e1“application of 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizer rate combined with drilling sowing method”
t0“Hot Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the high NP rate with drilling for hot pepper production locally and in similar agroecologies.
- Taxon
- hot pepperCapsicum frutescense0
- Treatment
- 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizer rate combined with drilling sowing methode1
- Outcome
- production of hot pepper crops in the study area and similar agro ecologye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore, it could be recommended for the production of hot pepper crops in the study area and similar agro ecology”
e1“application of 102/115 kg N/P ha-1 fertilizer rate combined with drilling sowing method”
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8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.