Abstract
Abstract Soybean injury following an application of metribuzin soon after planting can occur under cool, wet conditions, especially for varieties that lack a high level of tolerance to the herbicide. Field experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 in Fayetteville, AR, to evaluate the impacts of metribuzin at 0, 280, 560, 840, and 1,120 g ai ha −1 on soybean growth and incidence of soil‐borne fungi. Three classes of metribuzin tolerance (sensitive, moderately tolerant, and tolerant) were evaluated based on a previous screen. In both years, visible injury to soybean was impacted by varietal tolerance and metribuzin rate. As metribuzin rate and soybean sensitivity increased, more injury was observed. Metribuzin applied at 280, 840, and 1,120 g ha −1 in 2017 and only 1,120 g ha −1 in 2018 reduced soybean plant population, averaged across varieties, by 12, 23, 23, and 11%, respectively. Averaged over site years, metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1 delayed the sensitive soybean cultivars from reaching 20, 40, 60, and 80% groundcover by 11, 12, 9, and 5 days, respectively, compared to the nontreated. Metribuzin‐moderately tolerant and metribuzin‐tolerant varieties did not suffer any delays in canopy formation. In both site years, the sensitive variety had a yield loss up to 21% following metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1 when compared to the nontreated. Metribuzin did not impact colonization of soybean in either site year by microorganisms in the genus Acrophilaphora, Collectotrichum, Didymella, Fusarium, Pythium, Macrophomina, Phomopsis, Rhizoctonia, Rhizopus , and Trichoderma . Delays in canopy formation can be mitigated through appropriate variety selection.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Visible soybean injury increased with metribuzin rate and varietal sensitivity.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Material
- soybean sensitivitye0
- Treatment
- metribuzin ratee0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As metribuzin rate and soybean sensitivity increased, more injury was observed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin at 280 g ha −1 reduced soybean population by 12% in 2017.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metribuzin applied at 280, 840, and 1,120 g ha −1 in 2017 and only 1,120 g ha −1 in 2018 reduced soybean plant population, averaged across varieties, by 12, 23, 23, and 11%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin at 840 g ha −1 reduced soybean population by 23% in 2017.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metribuzin applied at 280, 840, and 1,120 g ha −1 in 2017 and only 1,120 g ha −1 in 2018 reduced soybean plant population, averaged across varieties, by 12, 23, 23, and 11%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1 reduced soybean population by 23% in 2017.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 1,120 g ha −1e0
- Outcome
- soybean plant populatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 23e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metribuzin applied at 280, 840, and 1,120 g ha −1 in 2017 and only 1,120 g ha −1 in 2018 reduced soybean plant population, averaged across varieties, by 12, 23, 23, and 11%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1 reduced soybean population by 11% in 2018.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 1,120 g ha −1e0
- Outcome
- soybean plant populatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 11%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metribuzin applied at 280, 840, and 1,120 g ha −1 in 2017 and only 1,120 g ha −1 in 2018 reduced soybean plant population, averaged across varieties, by 12, 23, 23, and 11%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1,120 g ha −1 metribuzin, sensitive cultivars reached 20% groundcover 11 days later than untreated plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- sensitive soybean cultivarse0
- Treatment
- metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1e0
- Outcome
- 20e0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- 11e0
- Comparator
- nontreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1 delayed the sensitive soybean cultivars from reaching 20, 40, 60, and 80% groundcover by 11, 12, 9, and 5 days, respectively, compared to the nontreated.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1,120 g ha −1 metribuzin, sensitive cultivars reached 40% groundcover 12 days later.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- sensitive soybean cultivarse0
- Treatment
- metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1e0
- Outcome
- 40e0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- 12e0
- Comparator
- nontreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1 delayed the sensitive soybean cultivars from reaching 20, 40, 60, and 80% groundcover by 11, 12, 9, and 5 days, respectively, compared to the nontreated.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1,120 g ha −1 metribuzin, sensitive cultivars reached 60% groundcover 9 days later.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- sensitive soybean cultivarse0
- Treatment
- metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1e0
- Outcome
- 60e0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- 9e0
- Comparator
- nontreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1 delayed the sensitive soybean cultivars from reaching 20, 40, 60, and 80% groundcover by 11, 12, 9, and 5 days, respectively, compared to the nontreated.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 1,120 g ha −1 metribuzin, sensitive cultivars reached 80% groundcover 5 days later.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- sensitive soybean cultivarse0
- Treatment
- metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1e0
- Outcome
- 80% groundcovere0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- 5 dayse0
- Comparator
- nontreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1 delayed the sensitive soybean cultivars from reaching 20, 40, 60, and 80% groundcover by 11, 12, 9, and 5 days, respectively, compared to the nontreated.”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderately tolerant and tolerant varieties had no canopy formation delays.
Verbatim
e0“Metribuzin‐moderately tolerant and metribuzin‐tolerant varieties did not suffer any delays in canopy formation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sensitive soybean yield fell by up to 21% after 1,120 g ha −1 metribuzin relative to untreated.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- sensitive varietye0
- Treatment
- metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1e0
- Outcome
- yield losse0
- Direction
- losse0
- Value
- up to 21%e0
- Comparator
- nontreatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sensitive variety had a yield loss up to 21% following metribuzin at 1,120 g ha −1 when compared to the nontreated.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin did not change soybean colonization by the listed soil-borne fungal genera.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Metribuzine0
- Outcome
- colonization of soybeane0
- Direction
- did not impacte0
- Qualifier
- Acrophilaphora, Collectotrichum, Didymella, Fusarium, Pythium, Macrophomina, Phomopsis, Rhizoctonia, Rhizopus , and Trichodermae0
FusariumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metribuzin did not impact colonization of soybean in either site year by microorganisms in the genus Acrophilaphora, Collectotrichum, Didymella, Fusarium, Pythium, Macrophomina, Phomopsis, Rhizoctonia, Rhizopus , and Trichoderma .”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend variety selection to mitigate delays in canopy formation.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- appropriate variety selectione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Delays in canopy formation can be mitigated through appropriate variety selection.”
t0“Soybean”
The same questions in other papers
metribuzin · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
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