Abstract
Plant viruses can induce changes in plant morphology and physiology,which may affect the performance of the insect vectors and parasitoids. However ,the impact of plant viruses has been rarely considered in the research of this type of plant-vector-parasitoid interactions. In this study,we tested and analyzed the effects of the begomovirus,tomato yellow leaf curl virus ( TYLCV),on the leaf trichome density of tomato and the foraging performance and fitness of the whitefly parasitoid ,Eretmocerus hayati Zolnerowich and Rose. Our results showed that viral infection of tomato led to a significant increase of leaf trichome density,which in virus-infected plants was 1. 8 times as high as that in uninfected plants. The host handling time and patch residence time of the parasitoid on virus-infected plants were 2- and 1. 5-fold as high as that on uninfected plants ,respectively. However,the parasitism rates,emergence rates and developmental durations of the parasitoid on infected and uninfected plants were similar. This is the first report of begomovirus-induced increase of plant leaf trichomes and its effects on a parasitoid ,and it provides new data for understanding the interactions between plants,begomoviruses,whiteflies and parasitoids.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Viral infection increased tomato leaf trichome density 1.8-fold.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- viral infectione0
- Outcome
- leaf trichome densitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 1. 8 timese0
- Comparator
- uninfected plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“viral infection of tomato led to a significant increase of leaf trichome density,which in virus-infected plants was 1. 8 times as high as that in uninfected plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Parasitoid host handling time was twice as high on infected plants.
- Treatment
- virus-infected plantse0
- Outcome
- host handling timee0
- Direction
- as high ase0
- Value
- 2-e0
- Comparator
- uninfected plantse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The host handling time and patch residence time of the parasitoid on virus-infected plants were 2- and 1. 5-fold as high as that on uninfected plants ,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Parasitoid patch residence time was 1.5-fold as high on infected plants.
- Treatment
- virus-infected plantse0
- Outcome
- patch residence timee0
- Direction
- as high ase0
- Value
- 1. 5-folde0
- Comparator
- uninfected plantse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The host handling time and patch residence time of the parasitoid on virus-infected plants were 2- and 1. 5-fold as high as that on uninfected plants ,respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Parasitoid parasitism and emergence rates and developmental durations were similar on infected and uninfected plants.
- Treatment
- infectede0
- Outcome
- parasitism rates,emergence rates and developmental durations of the parasitoide0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- uninfected plantse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the parasitism rates,emergence rates and developmental durations of the parasitoid on infected and uninfected plants were similar”