Abstract
Late and early leaf spot are caused by Nothopassalora personata and Passalora arachidicola, respectively, and are damaging diseases of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) capable of defoliation and yield loss. Management of these diseases is most effective through the integration of tactics that reduce starting inoculum and prevent infection. The insecticide phorate was first registered in 1959 and has been used in peanut production for decades in-furrow at planting to suppress thrips. Phorate further provides significant suppression of Tomato spotted wilt virus infection beyond suppression of its thrips vector alone by activating defense-related responses in the peanut plant. From six experiments conducted from 2017 to 2019 in Blackville, SC, Reddick, FL, and Quincy, FL, significantly less leaf spot defoliation was exhibited on peanuts treated with phorate in-furrow at planting (26%) compared with nontreated checks (48%). In-season fungicides were excluded from five of the experiments, whereas the 2018 Quincy, FL, experiment included eight applications on a 15-day interval. Across individual experiments, significant suppression of defoliation caused by late leaf spot was observed from 64 to 147 days after planting. Although more variable within location-years, pod yield following phorate treatment was overall significantly greater than for nontreated peanut (2,330 compared with 2,030 kg/ha; P = 0.0794). The consistent defoliation suppression potential was estimated to confer an average potential net economic yield savings of $90 to $120 per hectare under analogous leaf spot defoliation. To our knowledge, these are the first data in the 61 years since its registration demonstrating significant suppression of leaf spot on peanut following application of phorate in-furrow at planting. Results support phorate use in peanut as an effective and economical tactic to incorporate to manage late and early leaf spot infections and development of fungicide resistance.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Phorate applied in-furrow at planting reduced leaf spot defoliation in peanut compared with nontreated checks (26% vs 48%).
- Taxon
- peanuts
Arachis hypogaeae1 - Treatment
- phorate in-furrow at plantinge1
- Interactor
- Nothopassalora personata and Passalora arachidicolaMycosphaerella arachidisNothopassalora personatae2pathogen
- Outcome
- leaf spot defoliatione1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- 26%e1
- Comparator
- nontreated checkse1
- Setting
- Blackville, SC, Reddick, FL, and Quincy, FLe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“significantly less leaf spot defoliation was exhibited on peanuts treated with phorate in-furrow at planting (26%) compared with nontreated checks (48%)”
e2“Late and early leaf spot are caused by Nothopassalora personata and Passalora arachidicola”
e3“From six experiments conducted from 2017 to 2019 in Blackville, SC, Reddick, FL, and Quincy, FL”
Claim · model-written summary
Phorate applied in-furrow at planting significantly suppressed defoliation caused by late leaf spot from 64 to 147 days after planting.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- phorate in-furrow at plantinge1
- Interactor
- Nothopassalora personataNothopassalora personatae2pathogen
- Outcome
- defoliation caused by late leaf spote4
- Direction
- suppressione4
- Qualifier
- from 64 to 147 days after plantinge4
- Comparator
- nontreated checkse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“significantly less leaf spot defoliation was exhibited on peanuts treated with phorate in-furrow at planting (26%) compared with nontreated checks (48%)”
e2“Late and early leaf spot are caused by Nothopassalora personata and Passalora arachidicola”
e4“significant suppression of defoliation caused by late leaf spot was observed from 64 to 147 days after planting”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod yield was greater after phorate treatment than in nontreated peanut (2,330 vs 2,030 kg/ha; P = 0.0794).
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae5
- Treatment
- phorate treatmente5
- Outcome
- pod yielde5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Value
- 2,330 compared with 2,030 kg/hae5
- Qualifier
- P = 0.0794e5
- Comparator
- nontreated peanute5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“pod yield following phorate treatment was overall significantly greater than for nontreated peanut (2,330 compared with 2,030 kg/ha; P = 0.0794)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phorate use gave an estimated average potential net economic yield saving of $90 to $120 per hectare under analogous leaf spot defoliation.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae7
- Treatment
- phoratee7
- Outcome
- net economic yield savingse6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
- Value
- $90 to $120 per hectaree6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“The consistent defoliation suppression potential was estimated to confer an average potential net economic yield savings of $90 to $120 per hectare under analogous leaf spot defoliation”
e7“Results support phorate use in peanut as an effective and economical tactic to incorporate to manage late and early leaf spot infections”
Claim · model-written summary
Phorate use in peanut is recommended as an effective and economical tactic against late and early leaf spot.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae7
- Outcome
- manage late and early leaf spot infectionse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Results support phorate use in peanut as an effective and economical tactic to incorporate to manage late and early leaf spot infections”
The same questions in other papers
phorate · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.