Abstract
Abstract The abundance of apomixis in tropical plant genera is poorly understood, and this affects the understanding of speciation and evolution. Hanguanaceae is a tropical monogeneric, dioecious plant family. All but two species are solitary herbs with no capability to spread vegetatively. Viable seeds are often produced when males have not been observed. Our aim was to investigate the presence of apomixis in Hanguana. We used reduced representation genomics to study phylogenetics and genetic variability in all populations of Hanguana in Singapore. We measured genome sizes and estimated ploidy levels in 10 species. Almost all taxa tested were genetically uniform (uniclonal) regardless of the extent of their distribution. The distribution of single clones over distinct localities supports our hypothesis of apomictic reproduction. Only one sexually reproducing native species was detected. Triploid and pentaploid states support our hypothesis that the type of apomixis in Hanguana is gametophytic. Population genomics tools offer a quick and cost-effective way of detecting excess clonality and thereby inferring apomixis. In the case of Hanguana, the presence of male plants is a strong indicator of sexual reproduction, whereas genome triplication is indicative of apomictic reproduction.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Almost all Hanguana taxa tested were genetically uniform (uniclonal).
- Outcome
- genetically uniform (uniclonal)e2
HanguanaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Our aim was to investigate the presence of apomixis in Hanguana”
e2“Almost all taxa tested were genetically uniform (uniclonal) regardless of the extent of their distribution”
Claim · model-written summary
The distribution of single clones over distinct localities supports the hypothesis of apomictic reproduction in Hanguana.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Our aim was to investigate the presence of apomixis in Hanguana”
e2“The distribution of single clones over distinct localities supports our hypothesis of apomictic reproduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Only one sexually reproducing native Hanguana species was detected.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Our aim was to investigate the presence of apomixis in Hanguana”
e2“Only one sexually reproducing native species was detected”
Claim · model-written summary
Hanguana plants were triploid and pentaploid.
- Outcome
- Triploid and pentaploid statese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Our aim was to investigate the presence of apomixis in Hanguana”
e2“Triploid and pentaploid states support our hypothesis that the type of apomixis in Hanguana is gametophytic”
Claim · model-written summary
The type of apomixis in Hanguana is suggested to be gametophytic.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Triploid and pentaploid states support our hypothesis that the type of apomixis in Hanguana is gametophytic”
Claim · model-written summary
The presence of male plants is a strong indicator of sexual reproduction in Hanguana.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the case of Hanguana, the presence of male plants is a strong indicator of sexual reproduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Genome triplication is indicative of apomictic reproduction in Hanguana.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Our aim was to investigate the presence of apomixis in Hanguana”
e2“whereas genome triplication is indicative of apomictic reproduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Population genomics tools offer a quick and cost-effective way of detecting excess clonality to infer apomixis.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Our aim was to investigate the presence of apomixis in Hanguana”
e2“Population genomics tools offer a quick and cost-effective way of detecting excess clonality and thereby inferring apomixis”