Abstract
Application of manure for soil amendment plays important roles in reclaiming and improving soil properties of degraded soils. This study assessed the effects of composted and non-composted manures on a degraded soil under continuous maize production. The treatments applied consisted of composted manures in form of cassava based compost (CBM) and verticompost (VC) at the rate of 0, 30, 60 and 120 tons/ha, non-composted manure (NC) applied as poultry manure (PM), and an un-amended control plot. These treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. Soil physical and chemical properties were determined for two consecutive seasons, with maize (SUWAN 1-SYR) planted as test crop. The CBM, VC and PM treatments increased the soil organic carbon content by 18.2, 24.1, and 22.3 % respectively. Corresponding increases observed in cation exchange capacity (CEC) were 13.6, 15.7, and 15.2 %. The comparison of the soil chemical properties measured indicated positive effects from the amendments on the soil properties in the order: CBM < PM < VC. The maize grain yield of cassava based fertilized plot consistently and significantly was higher than the other treatments in both cropping seasons. However, both the composted and non-composted manures favored improved maize growth and resulted in higher grain yields (4.62 – 6.03 t ha-1) than the un-amended control treatment (3.69 t ha-1). The study therefore showed that the incorporation of manures, whether composted or non-composted, is beneficial to soils, improving one or more essential soil attributes thus reducing soil degradation.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Cassava based compost raised soil organic carbon by 18.2%.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The CBM, VC and PM treatments increased the soil organic carbon content by 18.2, 24.1, and 22.3 % respectively”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost raised soil organic carbon by 24.1%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The CBM, VC and PM treatments increased the soil organic carbon content by 18.2, 24.1, and 22.3 % respectively”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure raised soil organic carbon by 22.3%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The CBM, VC and PM treatments increased the soil organic carbon content by 18.2, 24.1, and 22.3 % respectively”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cassava based compost raised CEC by 13.6%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corresponding increases observed in cation exchange capacity (CEC) were 13.6, 15.7, and 15.2 %”
e1“The CBM, VC and PM treatments increased”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost raised CEC by 15.7%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corresponding increases observed in cation exchange capacity (CEC) were 13.6, 15.7, and 15.2 %”
e1“The CBM, VC and PM treatments increased”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure raised CEC by 15.2%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corresponding increases observed in cation exchange capacity (CEC) were 13.6, 15.7, and 15.2 %”
e1“The CBM, VC and PM treatments increased”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil chemical improvement ranked CBM below PM below VC.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positive effects from the amendments on the soil properties in the order: CBM < PM < VC”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cassava based fertilizer produced significantly higher maize grain yield than other treatments in both seasons.
- Treatment
- cassava based fertilized plote0
- Outcome
- maize grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- both cropping seasonse0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maize grain yield of cassava based fertilized plot consistently and significantly was higher than the other treatments in both cropping seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Composted and non-composted manures improved maize growth.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both the composted and non-composted manures favored improved maize growth”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Manures produced higher grain yield, 4.62 – 6.03 t ha-1, than the unamended control at 3.69 t ha-1.
- Treatment
- composted and non-composted manurese1
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 4.62 – 6.03 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 3.69 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- un-amended control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher grain yields (4.62 – 6.03 t ha-1) than the un-amended control treatment (3.69 t ha-1)”
e1“both the composted and non-composted manures favored improved maize growth”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure incorporation improved soil attributes and reduced degradation.
- Treatment
- incorporation of manurese0
- Outcome
- soil degradatione0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- improving one or more essential soil attributese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“incorporation of manures, whether composted or non-composted, is beneficial to soils, improving one or more essential soil attributes thus reducing soil degradation”
t0“Maize”
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