Abstract
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is one vegetable crops most cultivated in Côte d'Ivoire. However, the plant is attacked by insects which caused important damage. This study was carried out to inventory entomofauna associated with okra crop and assess the damage caused by the pests. The insects were captured using pliers, sweep net by mowing technique and colored traps. Overall, a total of 61 species belonging to 36 families grouped into 10 orders were identified. During the plant cycle, 11602 insects were collected, including 3663 individuals at before stage flowering (31.57%); 3757 individuals at the flower bud stage (32.38%) and 4182 individuals at the flowering-fruiting stage (36.05%). Analysis of the occurrence frequency showed that Podagrica decolorata was ubiquitous in the crop, causing considerable damage to all organs of the plant. The damage assessment revealed that the defoliators, induced the highest average attack rates at all phenological stages. During the collections, six species (Rhinocoris albopilosus, R. rapax, R. bicolor, Hediocoris fasciatus, Cosmolestes pictus and Coranus sp) belonging to the family of Reduviidae were identified as predators of P. decolorata. This study therefore made it possible to identify P. decolorata as a major pest of okra and its predators, thus opening up a perspective of biological control as an alternative to chemical control.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The okra crop contained 61 insect species across 36 families and 10 orders.
- Taxon
- okra
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Abelmoschus esculentuse1 - Outcome
- speciese0
- Value
- 61 speciese0
- Qualifier
- 36 families grouped into 10 orderse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Overall, a total of 61 species belonging to 36 families grouped into 10 orders were identified.”
e1“entomofauna associated with okra crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Before flowering, 3663 insects were collected, 31.57% of the total.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse2
- Organ / stage
- before stage floweringe0
- Outcome
- insects were collectede1
- Value
- 3663 individualse0
- Qualifier
- 31.57%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3663 individuals at before stage flowering (31.57%)”
e1“During the plant cycle, 11602 insects were collected”
e2“okra crop”
Claim · model-written summary
At flower bud stage, 3757 insects were collected, 32.38% of the total.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse2
- Organ / stage
- flower bud stagee0
- Outcome
- insects were collectede1
- Value
- 3757 individualse0
- Qualifier
- 32.38%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3757 individuals at the flower bud stage (32.38%)”
e1“insects were collected”
e2“okra crop”
Claim · model-written summary
At flowering and fruiting, 4182 insects were collected, 36.05% of the total.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse2
- Organ / stage
- flowering-fruiting stagee0
- Outcome
- insects were collectede1
- Value
- 4182 individualse0
- Qualifier
- 36.05%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4182 individuals at the flowering-fruiting stage (36.05%)”
e1“insects were collected”
e2“okra crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Podagrica decolorata was ubiquitous in okra and considerably damaged all organs.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Interactor
- Podagrica decoloratae0pest
- Outcome
- considerable damage to all organs of the plante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Podagrica decolorata was ubiquitous in the crop, causing considerable damage to all organs of the plant”
e1“okra crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliators had the highest average attack rates across phenological stages.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Interactor
- defoliatorse0pest
- Outcome
- average attack ratese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the defoliators, induced the highest average attack rates at all phenological stages”
e1“okra crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Six Reduviidae species were identified as predators of P. decolorata.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Interactor
- P. decoloratae0pest
- Second interactor
- ReduviidaeReduviidaee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- identified as predators of P. decoloratae0
- Value
- six speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“six species (Rhinocoris albopilosus, R. rapax, R. bicolor, Hediocoris fasciatus, Cosmolestes pictus and Coranus sp) belonging to the family of Reduviidae were identified as predators of P. decolorata”
e1“okra crop”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identify biological control of P. decolorata as an alternative to chemical control.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Interactor
- P. decoloratae1pest
- Outcome
- biological control as an alternative to chemical controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“opening up a perspective of biological control as an alternative to chemical control”
e1“P. decolorata as a major pest of okra”