Abstract
Breeding has substantially increased the genetic yield potential, but fungal pathogens are still major constraints for wheat production. Therefore, breeding success for resistance and its impact on yield were analyzed on a large panel of winter wheat cultivars, representing breeding progress in Germany during the last decades, in large scale field trials under different fungicide and nitrogen treatments. Results revealed a highly significant effect of genotype (G) and year (Y) on resistances and G × Y interactions were significant for all pathogens tested, i.e. leaf rust, strip rust, powdery mildew and Fusarium head blight. N-fertilization significantly increased the susceptibility to biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens. Resistance was significantly improved over time but at different rates for the pathogens. Although the average progress of resistance against each pathogen was higher at the elevated N level in absolute terms, it was very similar at both N levels on a relative basis. Grain yield was increased significantly over time under all treatments but was considerably higher without fungicides particularly at high N-input. Our results strongly indicate that wheat breeding resulted in a substantial increase of grain yield along with a constant improvement of resistance to fungal pathogens, thereby contributing to an environment-friendly and sustainable wheat production.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype and year had highly significant effects on winter wheat resistances.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- winter wheat cultivarse1
- Outcome
- resistancese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a highly significant effect of genotype (G) and year (Y) on resistances”
e1“were analyzed on a large panel of winter wheat cultivars, representing breeding progress in Germany during the last decades”
t0“German winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
G × Y interactions were significant for resistance to all four tested pathogens in winter wheat cultivars.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- winter wheat cultivarse1
- Outcome
- G × Y interactionse0
- Qualifier
- for all pathogens testede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“G × Y interactions were significant for all pathogens tested, i.e. leaf rust, strip rust, powdery mildew and Fusarium head blight”
e1“were analyzed on a large panel of winter wheat cultivars, representing breeding progress in Germany during the last decades”
t0“German winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
N-fertilization significantly increased the susceptibility of winter wheat to biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N-fertilizatione0
- Interactor
- biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogense0pathogen
- Outcome
- susceptibility to biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogense0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N-fertilization significantly increased the susceptibility to biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens”
t0“German winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistance in winter wheat improved significantly over time, at different rates for the pathogens.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- winter wheat cultivarse1
- Outcome
- Resistancee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- at different rates for the pathogense0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Resistance was significantly improved over time but at different rates for the pathogens”
e1“were analyzed on a large panel of winter wheat cultivars, representing breeding progress in Germany during the last decades”
t0“German winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Absolute progress of resistance against each pathogen was higher at the elevated N level in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- elevated N levele0
- Outcome
- average progress of resistance against each pathogene0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- in absolute termse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although the average progress of resistance against each pathogen was higher at the elevated N level in absolute terms, it was very similar at both N levels on a relative basis”
t0“German winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative progress of resistance against each pathogen was very similar at both N levels in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- average progress of resistance against each pathogene0
- Direction
- very similare0
- Qualifier
- on a relative basise0
- Comparator
- both N levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although the average progress of resistance against each pathogen was higher at the elevated N level in absolute terms, it was very similar at both N levels on a relative basis”
t0“German winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield of winter wheat increased significantly over time under the fungicide and nitrogen treatments.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fungicide and nitrogen treatmentse1
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- over timee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield was increased significantly over time under all treatments but was considerably higher without fungicides particularly at high N-input”
e1“in large scale field trials under different fungicide and nitrogen treatments”
t0“German winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield of winter wheat was considerably higher without fungicides, particularly at high N-input.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- without fungicidese0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- considerably highere0
- Qualifier
- particularly at high N-inpute0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield was increased significantly over time under all treatments but was considerably higher without fungicides particularly at high N-input”
t0“German winter wheat”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
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- positive
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231 papers in the same direction as this paper · 30 in the opposite direction
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See all 262 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.