Abstract
The primary emphasis in this program was to develop, test, and compare responses of plants grown on soil-core microcosms and similarly treated field plots to different treatment levels of fly ash over a period of two years. In addition, flower pot test systems, containing the same soil, crops, and fly ash treatments, were compared with the responses of the microcosms. This was done to determine the relative accuracy, variability and reliability of the two test systems when compared to the field plots. Comparisons of microcosms and flower pots for defining the effect of different treatment levels of fly ash on primary productivity in the field indicate that the microcosm is a more effective tool overall for forecasting phytotoxicity. Microcosms predicted element uptake in field-grown alfalfa as well as flower pots for the first growing season, but microcosms were better in predicting element uptake during the second growing season. Statistical analyses support the uses of the microcosms as a test device that could be used to develop the shape of the crop yield dose-response curves as well as to assess disruption of nutrient cycling processes and estimate potential for food chain transport of many of the elements found in utility wastes. more » It is hypothesized that combining test results from soil-core microcosms with single-species bioassays, chemically characterizing both the waste material and the local soil, and evaluating the phytotoxicity of the waste components to crops would strengthen the environmental risk assessment process. 92 references, 36 figures, 54 tables. « less
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Microcosms were a more effective tool than flower pots for forecasting phytotoxicity of fly ash on plants.
Verbatim
e1“Comparisons of microcosms and flower pots for defining the effect of different treatment levels of fly ash on primary productivity in the field indicate that the microcosm is a more effective tool overall for forecasting phytotoxicity”
e2“responses of plants grown on soil-core microcosms”
Claim · model-written summary
Microcosms predicted element uptake in field-grown alfalfa as well as flower pots did in the first growing season.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae3 - Outcome
- element uptakee3
- Direction
- as well ase3
- Qualifier
- first growing seasone3
- Comparator
- flower potse3
- Setting
- field-growne3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Microcosms predicted element uptake in field-grown alfalfa as well as flower pots for the first growing season, but microcosms were better in predicting element uptake during the second growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Microcosms were better than flower pots at predicting alfalfa element uptake in the second growing season.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae3
- Outcome
- element uptakee3
- Direction
- bettere3
- Qualifier
- second growing seasone3
- Comparator
- flower potse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Microcosms predicted element uptake in field-grown alfalfa as well as flower pots for the first growing season, but microcosms were better in predicting element uptake during the second growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Statistical analyses support using the microcosms as a test device to develop crop yield dose-response curves.
Verbatim
e4“could be used to develop the shape of the crop yield dose-response curves”
Claim · model-written summary
Statistical analyses support using the microcosms to assess disruption of nutrient cycling processes.
Verbatim
e4“could be used to develop the shape of the crop yield dose-response curves”
e5“assess disruption of nutrient cycling processes”