Abstract
Wood-inhabiting macromycete (WIM) communities in the ecosystem of uneven-aged spruce stands growing on former agricultural land were investigated in relation to the supply of wood substrate, degree of wood rot, and selected climatic and ecological conditions. Altogether, 58 WIM species were detected at research plots during 2016-2018. The abundance of fruiting bodies and WIM species richness increased from the youngest to the oldest forest stands. The highest numbers of fruiting body abundance were recorded for Gymnopus perforans (11 756), Hypholoma fasciculare (2 971), Coprinellus disseminatus (326), Exidia pithya (318) and Panellus mitis (147). The influence of stand age on WIM abundance was highly significant (P < 0.001), WIM abundance was not affected by precipitation (P > 0.05). The relationships between abundance and air temperature (P < 0.001), species richness and precipitation (P < 0.001), species richness and air temperature (P < 0.001) were highly significant. The most frequent damage to trees was caused by insects and forest animals (81%), which resulted in a high occurrence of resin secretion (70%). The total volume of coarse wood debris (CWD) and the decay rate were not statistically dependent. We confirmed the occurrence of Heterobasidion annosum s.s., H. abietinum s.s., H. parviporum s.s., Armillaria ostoyae s.s. and A. cepistipes s.s. by use of molecular genetic analyses.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
The plots contained 58 wood-inhabiting macromycete species.
Verbatim
e0“Altogether, 58 WIM species were detected at research plots during 2016-2018.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruiting body abundance and fungal species richness increased with forest stand age.
Verbatim
e0“The abundance of fruiting bodies and WIM species richness increased from the youngest to the oldest forest stands.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gymnopus perforans had 11 756 fruiting bodies among the highest abundances.
- Taxon
- Gymnopus perforans
Paragymnopus perforanse0 - Outcome
- fruiting body abundancee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 11 756e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest numbers of fruiting body abundance were recorded for Gymnopus perforans (11 756)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypholoma fasciculare had 2 971 fruiting bodies.
- Taxon
- Hypholoma fasciculare
Hypholoma fascicularee0 - Outcome
- fruiting body abundancee1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 2 971e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hypholoma fasciculare (2 971)”
e1“The highest numbers of fruiting body abundance were recorded”
Claim · model-written summary
Coprinellus disseminatus had 326 fruiting bodies.
- Taxon
- Coprinellus disseminatus
Coprinellus disseminatuse0 - Outcome
- fruiting body abundancee1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 326e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Coprinellus disseminatus (326)”
e1“The highest numbers of fruiting body abundance were recorded”
Claim · model-written summary
Exidia pithya had 318 fruiting bodies.
- Taxon
- Exidia pithya
Exidia pithyae0 - Outcome
- fruiting body abundancee1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 318e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exidia pithya (318)”
e1“The highest numbers of fruiting body abundance were recorded”
Claim · model-written summary
Panellus mitis had 147 fruiting bodies.
- Taxon
- Panellus mitis
Panellus mitise0
- Outcome
- fruiting body abundancee1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 147e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Panellus mitis (147)”
e1“The highest numbers of fruiting body abundance were recorded”
Claim · model-written summary
Stand age significantly influenced fungal abundance.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The influence of stand age on WIM abundance was highly significant (P < 0.001)”
Claim · model-written summary
Precipitation did not significantly affect fungal abundance.
Verbatim
e0“WIM abundance was not affected by precipitation (P > 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal abundance was significantly related to air temperature.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The relationships between abundance and air temperature (P < 0.001), species richness and precipitation (P < 0.001), species richness and air temperature (P < 0.001) were highly significant.”
e1“WIM abundance was not affected by precipitation (P > 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal species richness was significantly related to precipitation.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The relationships between abundance and air temperature (P < 0.001), species richness and precipitation (P < 0.001), species richness and air temperature (P < 0.001) were highly significant.”
e1“WIM species richness increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal species richness was significantly related to air temperature.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The relationships between abundance and air temperature (P < 0.001), species richness and precipitation (P < 0.001), species richness and air temperature (P < 0.001) were highly significant.”
e1“WIM species richness increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Insects and forest animals caused the most frequent tree damage, accounting for 81%.
PiceaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most frequent damage to trees was caused by insects and forest animals (81%)”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Animal damage resulted in resin secretion occurrence of 70%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most frequent damage to trees was caused by insects and forest animals (81%), which resulted in a high occurrence of resin secretion (70%).”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Coarse wood debris volume and decay rate were not statistically dependent.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The total volume of coarse wood debris (CWD) and the decay rate were not statistically dependent.”
Claim · model-written summary
Molecular analyses confirmed Heterobasidion annosum s.s. occurrence.
- Taxon
- Heterobasidion annosum s.s.
Heterobasidion annosume0 - Outcome
- occurrencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We confirmed the occurrence of Heterobasidion annosum s.s.”
Claim · model-written summary
Molecular analyses confirmed H. abietinum s.s. occurrence.
- Taxon
- H. abietinum s.s.
Heterobasidion abietinume0 - Outcome
- occurrencee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H. abietinum s.s.”
e1“We confirmed the occurrence”
Claim · model-written summary
Molecular analyses confirmed H. parviporum s.s. occurrence.
- Taxon
- H. parviporum s.s.
Heterobasidion parviporume0 - Outcome
- occurrencee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H. parviporum s.s.”
e1“We confirmed the occurrence”
Claim · model-written summary
Molecular analyses confirmed Armillaria ostoyae s.s. occurrence.
- Taxon
- Armillaria ostoyae s.s.
Armillaria ostoyaee0 - Outcome
- occurrencee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Armillaria ostoyae s.s.”
e1“We confirmed the occurrence”
Claim · model-written summary
Molecular analyses confirmed A. cepistipes s.s. occurrence.
- Taxon
- A. cepistipes s.s.
.jpg?width=60)
Armillaria cepistipese0 - Outcome
- occurrencee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“A. cepistipes s.s.”
e1“We confirmed the occurrence”