Abstract
Rubus is a taxonomically difficult group and cytological data are expected hopefully to gain insight into the relationships of the genus. In this study the chromosome numbers and karyotypes of 18 taxa from sect. Idaeobatus and 10 taxa from sect. Malachobatus were investigated. Among them, the chromosome numbers of 10 taxa and karyotypes of 26 taxa were reported for the first time and mixoploidy was observed new in the genus. The chromosomes are small in size with a length of less than 3 μm and metacentric (about 90%) or submetacentric. All taxa have karyotypes of 1A except R. cockburnianus, R. innominatus and R. ellipticus var. obcordatus, which have karyotypes of 2A. No aneuploids were found in all the 28 taxa studied. Plants of sect. Idaeobatus have diploids with 2n=2x=14, except R. idaeopsis (2n=3x=21) and R. parvifolius (A mixoploid of 2n=2x=14 and 2n=4x=28). However, plants of sect. Malachobatus have tetraploids with 2n=4x=28, except for R. buergeri with 2n=8x=56. In addition, conspicuous karyotype differences existed within the 18 taxa belonging to 11 of 7 subsections in sect. Idaeobatus, and the differences between some species within subsections are greater than that between subsections, while uniform karyotypes within subsections and variable karyotypes between subsections were observed in six of 13 subsections in sect. Malachobatus represented by 10 taxa. Systematic values of the cytological data were discussed for some cases when applicable to the two sections.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Chromosome numbers for 10 Rubus taxa and karyotypes for 26 taxa were first reported.
RubusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the chromosome numbers of 10 taxa and karyotypes of 26 taxa were reported for the first time”
t0“A comparative study on karyotypes of 28 taxa in Rubus sect. Idaeobatus and sect. Malachobatus (Rosaceae) from China”
Claim · model-written summary
Rubus mixoploidy was newly observed in the genus.
- Outcome
- mixoploidye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mixoploidy was observed new in the genus”
t0“A comparative study on karyotypes of 28 taxa in Rubus sect. Idaeobatus and sect. Malachobatus (Rosaceae) from China”
Claim · model-written summary
Rubus chromosomes were shorter than 3 μm and about 90% metacentric.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The chromosomes are small in size with a length of less than 3 μm and metacentric (about 90%) or submetacentric.”
t0“A comparative study on karyotypes of 28 taxa in Rubus sect. Idaeobatus and sect. Malachobatus (Rosaceae) from China”
Claim · model-written summary
Most studied Rubus taxa had 1A karyotypes, with three named exceptions having 2A.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All taxa have karyotypes of 1A except R. cockburnianus, R. innominatus and R. ellipticus var. obcordatus, which have karyotypes of 2A.”
t0“A comparative study on karyotypes of 28 taxa in Rubus sect. Idaeobatus and sect. Malachobatus (Rosaceae) from China”
Claim · model-written summary
No aneuploids were found among 28 studied Rubus taxa.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No aneuploids were found in all the 28 taxa studied.”
t0“A comparative study on karyotypes of 28 taxa in Rubus sect. Idaeobatus and sect. Malachobatus (Rosaceae) from China”
Claim · model-written summary
Rubus sect. Idaeobatus taxa were usually diploid with 2n=2x=14.
Verbatim
e0“Plants of sect. Idaeobatus have diploids with 2n=2x=14, except R. idaeopsis (2n=3x=21) and R. parvifolius (A mixoploid of 2n=2x=14 and 2n=4x=28).”
Claim · model-written summary
Rubus idaeopsis was triploid with 2n=3x=21.
- Taxon
- R. idaeopsisRubus idaeopsise0
- Outcome
- 2n=3x=21e0
Verbatim
e0“R. idaeopsis (2n=3x=21)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rubus parvifolius was mixoploid with diploid and tetraploid cells.
- Taxon
- R. parvifolius
Rubus parvifoliuse0 - Outcome
- mixoploide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“R. parvifolius (A mixoploid of 2n=2x=14 and 2n=4x=28)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rubus sect. Malachobatus taxa were usually tetraploid with 2n=4x=28.
Verbatim
e0“plants of sect. Malachobatus have tetraploids with 2n=4x=28, except for R. buergeri with 2n=8x=56.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rubus buergeri had 2n=8x=56.
- Taxon
- R. buergeri
Rubus buergerie0 - Outcome
- 2n=8x=56e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“R. buergeri with 2n=8x=56”
Claim · model-written summary
Karyotype differences within Idaeobatus subsections sometimes exceeded differences between subsections.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the differences between some species within subsections are greater than that between subsections”
t0“A comparative study on karyotypes of 28 taxa in Rubus sect. Idaeobatus and sect. Malachobatus (Rosaceae) from China”
Claim · model-written summary
Malachobatus showed uniform karyotypes within subsections and variation between subsections.
Verbatim
e0“uniform karyotypes within subsections and variable karyotypes between subsections were observed in six of 13 subsections in sect. Malachobatus represented by 10 taxa.”