Abstract
World’s calories supply from maize accounts for 20% but global postharvest grain loss caused by insect pests was estimated to be 10%. Control is mostly by synthetic insecticides with consequences such as insect resurgence and resistance and negative effect on non- target organisms. Maize grain losses to weevils are so enormous that effective local solution has to be sought. Thus this research aimed at assessing the effectiveness of powders and ash of rice husk and melon shell in controlling Sitophillus zeamais (Mots) in stored maize. Four treatments, Rice husk powder (RHP), Rice husk ash (RHA), Melon shell powder (MSP) and Melon shell ash (MSA) were applied at eight levels of 0 - 2.0 g 20 g-1 maize grain in three replicates. Five pairs (males and females) of freshly emerged S. zeamais were introduced into each treatment. Mortality test was carried out on the insects at 48 and 96 hours after introduction. Germination test was conducted on ten randomly selected grains after weevil emergence. Significantly higher (p≤0.05) mortality was recorded in treated seeds than the control. Virtually 100% mortality of S. zeamais was attained in both RHA and MSA treated maize in 96hrs at all application rates. Mean adult emergence in maize treated with both RHA and MSA were zero, with no weight loss like those of grains treated with standard control of P. guinensis. Also maize grain treated with Rice husk ash (RHA) and Melon shell ash (MSA) recorded a mean WPI of zero irrespective of application rates as in P. guinensis. The mean percentage germination of maize grain was significantly higher (p≤0.05) in P. guinensis than those recorded on treatments, while germination of treated maize is higher than the control. Thus rice husk and melon shell are effective alternatives to insecticides against S. zeamais in stored maize.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Virtually 100% mortality of S. zeamais was attained in maize treated with RHA and MSA at all application rates after 96 hours.
- Treatment
- RHA and MSAe1
- Interactor
- S. zeamaise1pest
- Outcome
- mortality of S. zeamaise1
- Direction
- attainede1
- Value
- 100%e1
- Qualifier
- at all application ratese1
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Storage Pest of Maize Grains”
e1“Virtually 100% mortality of S. zeamais was attained in both RHA and MSA treated maize in 96hrs at all application rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean adult emergence of S. zeamais in maize treated with RHA and MSA was zero.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Storage Pest of Maize Grains”
e1“Virtually 100% mortality of S. zeamais was attained in both RHA and MSA treated maize in 96hrs at all application rates”
e2“Mean adult emergence in maize treated with both RHA and MSA were zero”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize treated with RHA and MSA showed no weight loss, as in grains treated with the standard control for P. guinensis.
- Treatment
- RHA and MSAe1
- Outcome
- weight losse3
- Direction
- no weight losse3
- Comparator
- standard control of P. guinensise3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Storage Pest of Maize Grains”
e3“with no weight loss like those of grains treated with standard control of P. guinensis”
e1“Virtually 100% mortality of S. zeamais was attained in both RHA and MSA treated maize in 96hrs at all application rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain treated with rice husk ash and melon shell ash recorded a mean WPI of zero at all application rates.
- Treatment
- Rice husk ash (RHA) and Melon shell ash (MSA)e4
- Outcome
- mean WPIe4
- Value
- zeroe4
- Qualifier
- irrespective of application ratese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Storage Pest of Maize Grains”
e4“maize grain treated with Rice husk ash (RHA) and Melon shell ash (MSA) recorded a mean WPI of zero irrespective of application rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean percentage germination of maize grain was significantly higher in P. guinensis than in the treatments.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Storage Pest of Maize Grains”
e5“The mean percentage germination of maize grain was significantly higher (p≤0.05) in P. guinensis than those recorded on treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination of treated maize was higher than in the control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Storage Pest of Maize Grains”
e6“while germination of treated maize is higher than the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Mortality was significantly higher in treated seeds than in the control.
- Treatment
- treated seedse7
- Interactor
- S. zeamaise1pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye7
- Direction
- highere7
- Comparator
- controle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Storage Pest of Maize Grains”
e7“Significantly higher (p≤0.05) mortality was recorded in treated seeds than the control”
e1“Virtually 100% mortality of S. zeamais was attained in both RHA and MSA treated maize in 96hrs at all application rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice husk and melon shell are effective alternatives to insecticides against S. zeamais in stored maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Storage Pest of Maize Grains”
e1“rice husk and melon shell are effective alternatives to insecticides against S. zeamais in stored maize”
The same questions in other papers
Oryza sativa · pest · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.