Abstract
Abstract A description is provided for Melampsora larici-populina . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pycnia and aecia on Larix , especially L. decidua and L. leptolepis . Uredinia and telia on Populus spp., especially P. nigra and its varieties and hybrids, P. balsamifera, P. yunnanensis and others. Its exact host range on Populus spp. is not clear due to confusion with other species of Melampsora and to uncertainty in the reported identity of some species of Populus and clones. DISEASE: Leaf rust of poplars, causing severe leaf damage and early defoliation on susceptible hosts. Defoliation can sometimes occur two or three times in the season, each defoliation being followed by a new growth flush. These successive defoliations lead to winter injury and dieback (Peace, 1962) and a reduction in incremental timber growth can occur. Rust damage also renders some varieties more susceptible to Dothichiza dieback (39, 57) caused by Cryptodiaporthe populea (CMI Descript. 364). Poplars vary greatly in their reaction to infection and some clones show useful resistance (39, 57; 42, 347; 43, 498, 551; 47 129; Steenackers, 1972). Seasonal conditions may influence the reaction of some varieties (45, 402). On larch ( Larix ) hosts, the damage is negligible (Peace, 1962). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (North Africa, Rhodesia, South Africa), South America (Argentina, Chile, Colombia); Asia (Israel, Korea, Japan), Australasia and Oceania (Australia, New Zealand), Europe (widespread; reported specifically for Britain, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, USSR). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne urediniospores, often over long distances (suspected from eastern Australia to New Zealand). In Japan, urediniospores produced in autumn can remain viable and pathogenic until the following spring (41, 745), and in milder climates they can survive on semi-evergreen lines and on green sucker growth of deciduous trees. This is the main method of overwintering in Australia. In the Northern Hemisphere, overwintered telia give rise to basidia and basidiospores which may cause inconspicuous spring infections on Larix.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The rust produces uredinia and telia on Populus species.
- Outcome
- Uredinia and teliae0
PopulusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Uredinia and telia on Populus spp., especially P. nigra and its varieties and hybrids, P. balsamifera, P. yunnanensis and others”
Claim · model-written summary
The rust produces pycnia and aecia on Larix.
- Outcome
- Pycnia and aeciae0
LarixOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pycnia and aecia on Larix , especially L. decidua and L. leptolepis”
Claim · model-written summary
Poplar leaf rust causes severe leaf damage and early defoliation in susceptible hosts.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf rust of poplars, causing severe leaf damage and early defoliation on susceptible hosts”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation can recur two or three times per season with new growth flushes.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Defoliation can sometimes occur two or three times in the season, each defoliation being followed by a new growth flush”
t0“Leaf rust of poplars”
Claim · model-written summary
Successive defoliation can lead to winter injury, dieback, and reduced timber growth.
- Outcome
- winter injury and diebacke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These successive defoliations lead to winter injury and dieback (Peace, 1962) and a reduction in incremental timber growth can occur”
t0“Leaf rust of poplars”
Claim · model-written summary
Rust damage can increase susceptibility of some poplar varieties to Dothichiza dieback.
- Interactor
- Cryptodiaporthe populeaCryptodiaporthe populeae0pathogen
- Outcome
- susceptible to Dothichiza diebacke0
- Direction
- more susceptiblee0
- Qualifier
- Rust damagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rust damage also renders some varieties more susceptible to Dothichiza dieback (39, 57) caused by Cryptodiaporthe populea”
t0“Leaf rust of poplars”
Claim · model-written summary
Poplar clones vary in infection response and some resist the rust.
- Outcome
- useful resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Poplars vary greatly in their reaction to infection and some clones show useful resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
Rust damage on Larix hosts is negligible.
- Outcome
- damage is negligiblee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On larch ( Larix ) hosts, the damage is negligible”