Abstract
Evolutionary processes in ant-plant mutualisms are mediated by intrinsic features of the association and by change through time in abiotic components of the system (e.g. geography and climate). Incorporating both biotic and abiotic components and the phylogenies of the taxa involved is central to understanding their respective roles in mutualism evolution. We used a comparative phylogeographic approach to assess the effects of the Andean uplift on the mutualism between Azteca ants and an ant plant, Tococa guianensis, and to ask whether plant and ant diversification were promoted by geography or by the association. We used a combination of nuclear and organellar sequence data to resolve relationships between populations of ants and plants at sites spanning the northern Andes Cordillera in Colombia. To test for phylogenetic and chronological congruence between taxa and major uplift events, we used fossil calibrations and estimated the timing of diversification. We found phylogeographic structure in both Azteca and T. guianensis that coincides spatially and temporally with peaks of activity during the Andean uplift. However, lineage divergence occurs earlier in Azteca than in T. guianensis. We suggest that the Andean uplift had a greater impact on lineage diversification than did the mutualism.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Tococa guianensis phylogeographic structure coincided spatially and temporally with Andean uplift activity peaks.
- Taxon
- Tococa guianensis
Miconia tococae1 - Outcome
- phylogeographic structuree0
- Setting
- Andean uplifte0
AztecaNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We found phylogeographic structure in both Azteca and T. guianensis that coincides spatially and temporally with peaks of activity during the Andean uplift.”
e1“Tococa guianensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Azteca phylogeographic structure coincided spatially and temporally with Andean uplift activity peaks.
- Interactor
- Tococa guianensisMiconia tococae1symbiont
- Outcome
- phylogeographic structuree0
- Setting
- Andean uplifte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We found phylogeographic structure in both Azteca and T. guianensis that coincides spatially and temporally with peaks of activity during the Andean uplift.”
e1“Tococa guianensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Azteca lineages diverged earlier than Tococa guianensis lineages.
- Interactor
- Tococa guianensisMiconia tococae1symbiont
- Outcome
- lineage divergencee0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Comparator
- T. guianensise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lineage divergence occurs earlier in Azteca than in T. guianensis.”
e1“Tococa guianensis”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that Andean uplift affected lineage diversification more than the mutualism.
- Taxon
- Tococa guianensisMiconia tococae1
- Outcome
- lineage diversificatione0
- Qualifier
- Andean uplift had a greater impacte0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We suggest that the Andean uplift had a greater impact on lineage diversification than did the mutualism.”
e1“Tococa guianensis”