Abstract
Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is a devastating disease of wheat in Turkey and worldwide. This pathogen can overcome known resistance genes and negatively affect the wheat production. The objectives of this study were to determine the virulence patterns of wheat stripe rust isolates collected from the coastal areas (Aegean and Mediterranean regions) of Turkey, and to examine the genetic diversity of the pathogen populations by simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker analysis. The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes Yr1 (50%), Yr6 (100%), Yr7 (78%), Yr8 (50%), Yr9 (84%), Yr10 (25%), Yr17 (38%), Yr24 (22%), Yr27 (31%), Yr32 (22%), Yr43 (47%), Yr44 (6%), YrSp (41%), YrTr1 (6%), and avirulent on Yr5 and Yr15. Based on the analysis of virulence, all isolates were determined as 25 races and clustered into six virulence groups (VGs). In contrast, the isolates clustered into four molecular groups (MGs) based on genotypic data. All four MGs were found in Aegean region of Turkey, while only three MGs (MG1, MG2 and MG3) were found in the Mediterranean region of the country. Additionally, analysis of molecular variance indicated that 80.9% of genetic variation was found within regions and 19.1% was found between the regions. The results suggest that interregional migration of the pathogen was high. The data can be helpful for the management of stripe rust and understanding the population structure and migration of Pst in Turkey.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr1 at 50%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr1 (50%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr6 at 100%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr6 (100%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr7 at 78%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr7 (78%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr8 at 50%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr8 (50%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr9 at 84%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr9 (84%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr10 at 25%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr10 (25%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr17 at 38%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr17 (38%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr24 at 22%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr24 (22%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr27 at 31%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr27 (31%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr32 at 22%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr32 (22%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr43 at 47%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr43 (47%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on Yr44 at 6%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yr44 (6%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on YrSp at 41%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“YrSp (41%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were virulent on YrTr1 at 6%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“YrTr1 (6%)”
e1“The majority of the isolates collected were virulent at various frequencies on the resistance genes”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates were avirulent on Yr5 and Yr15.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Interactor
- stripe ruste1pathogen
- Gene
- Yr5 and Yr15e0
- Outcome
- avirulente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“avirulent on Yr5 and Yr15”
e1“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Virulence analysis identified 25 races in six virulence groups.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- stripe ruste1pathogen
- Outcome
- 25 races and clustered into six virulence groupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all isolates were determined as 25 races and clustered into six virulence groups (VGs)”
e1“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotypic analysis clustered isolates into four molecular groups.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- stripe ruste1pathogen
- Outcome
- four molecular groupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolates clustered into four molecular groups (MGs) based on genotypic data”
e1“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
All four molecular groups occurred in the Aegean region, but only three in the Mediterranean region.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- stripe ruste1pathogen
- Outcome
- All four MGs were founde0
- Setting
- Aegean region of Turkeye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All four MGs were found in Aegean region of Turkey, while only three MGs (MG1, MG2 and MG3) were found in the Mediterranean region of the country”
e1“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Genetic variation within regions was 80.9%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- stripe ruste1pathogen
- Outcome
- genetic variatione0
- Value
- 80.9%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“80.9% of genetic variation was found within regions”
e1“wheat stripe rust isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Genetic variation between regions was 19.1%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Interactor
- stripe ruste2pathogen
- Outcome
- genetic variatione1
- Value
- 19.1%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“19.1% was found between the regions”
e1“genetic variation”
e2“wheat stripe rust isolates”