Paper · 2021 · Heliyon

Zai pits for heightened sorghum production in drier parts of Upper Eastern Kenya

Serah W. Kimaru-Muchai; Felix K. Ngetich; Monica W. Mucheru- Muna; et al.

5
claims
10
verbatim quotes
41
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

during short rains season of 2014. Conventional planting with full rate NPK had the highest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 3.58 while Zai pit without input had the least BCR of 0.99. The experiment showed that Zai pit technology contributed to increments of yields in comparison to conventional planting although its BCR was lower than conventional planting with similar amendments. However, both Zai pit and conventional practices should be used in combination with organic and inorganic amendments to enhance yields in sorghum production.

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Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Conventional planting with full rate NPK had the highest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 3.58 for sorghum in Upper Eastern Kenya.

Taxon
sorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
Conventional planting with full rate NPKe1
Outcome
benefit-cost ratio (BCR)e1
Direction
higheste1
Value
3.58e1
Qualifier
during short rains season of 2014e0
Setting
Upper Eastern Kenyat0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Zai pits for heightened sorghum production in drier parts of Upper Eastern Kenya”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–80 · show in text ↑
e0

“during short rains season of 2014”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–33 · show in text ↑
e1

“Conventional planting with full rate NPK had the highest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 3.58”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 35–124 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zai pit without input had the least benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 0.99 for sorghum.

Taxon
sorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
Zai pit without inpute2
Outcome
BCRe2
Direction
leaste2
Value
0.99e2
Setting
Upper Eastern Kenyat0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Zai pits for heightened sorghum production in drier parts of Upper Eastern Kenya”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–80 · show in text ↑
e2

“while Zai pit without input had the least BCR of 0.99”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 125–178 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zai pit technology increased sorghum yields in comparison to conventional planting.

Taxon
sorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
Zai pit technologye3
Outcome
yieldse3
Direction
incrementse3
Comparator
conventional plantinge3
Setting
Upper Eastern Kenyat0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Zai pits for heightened sorghum production in drier parts of Upper Eastern Kenya”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–80 · show in text ↑
e3

“The experiment showed that Zai pit technology contributed to increments of yields in comparison to conventional planting”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 180–300 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zai pit technology had a lower benefit-cost ratio than conventional planting with similar amendments for sorghum.

Taxon
sorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
Zai pit technologye4
Outcome
BCRe4
Direction
lowere4
Comparator
conventional planting with similar amendmentse4
Setting
Upper Eastern Kenyat0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Zai pits for heightened sorghum production in drier parts of Upper Eastern Kenya”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–80 · show in text ↑
e4

“Zai pit technology contributed to increments of yields in comparison to conventional planting although its BCR was lower than conventional planting with similar amendments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 207–378 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend that Zai pit and conventional practices be combined with organic and inorganic amendments to enhance sorghum yields.

Taxon
sorghumSorghume5
Treatment
organic and inorganic amendmentse5
Outcome
should be used in combination with organic and inorganic amendmentse5
Qualifier
to enhance yieldse5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e5

“However, both Zai pit and conventional practices should be used in combination with organic and inorganic amendments to enhance yields in sorghum production”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 380–536 · show in text ↑

fertilization · yield · SorghumPositive and negative results

446 papers: 418 positive, 28 negative or no effect

417 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.