Abstract
The effects of funnel-trap color, trap height and pheromone formulation on the adult captures of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were evaluated in traps that were suspended in cotton fields in central Greece. Briefly, in a first trial, the efficacy of funnel traps of three different colors, i.e., green, striped (with black and white stripes) and white, was comparatively evaluated, whereas in a second trial green funnel traps were placed at three heights, i.e., 30, 60 and 90 cm from the ground. Finally, in a third trial we tested the efficiency of green funnel traps with three commercially available pheromone lures. Considering the overall captures, trap color and pheromone formulation affected male captures, whereas trap height had no influence. Captures notably increased in all traps from late August to mid-September. In total, the white funnel trap captured more moths than the green or striped funnel traps. Placement of the traps at different heights did not significantly affect captures, but seasonal differences were observed at individual dates during the trapping period. Barrettine’s pheromone lure provided significantly more captures than the other two (Russell, Trécé) in some of the trap-check dates. The results can be further utilized in the monitoring protocols of H. armigera in cotton fields.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Trap color affected male captures.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- trap colore0
- Outcome
- male capturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“trap color and pheromone formulation affected male captures”
t0“Cotton Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Pheromone formulation affected male captures.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- pheromone formulatione0
- Outcome
- male capturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“trap color and pheromone formulation affected male captures”
t0“Cotton Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Trap height did not influence captures overall.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- trap height had no influencee0
- Direction
- no influencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“trap height had no influence.”
t0“Cotton Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Captures increased from late August to mid-September.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- Capturese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- late August to mid-Septembere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Captures notably increased in all traps from late August to mid-September.”
t0“Cotton Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
White traps captured more moths than green or striped traps.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- white funnel trape0
- Outcome
- mothse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- green or striped funnel trapse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the white funnel trap captured more moths than the green or striped funnel traps.”
t0“Cotton Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Trap heights did not significantly affect captures.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- different heightse0
- Outcome
- capturese0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Placement of the traps at different heights did not significantly affect captures”
t0“Cotton Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Captures varied seasonally at individual dates.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- seasonal differencese0
- Qualifier
- individual datese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seasonal differences were observed at individual dates during the trapping period.”
t0“Cotton Bollworm”
Claim · model-written summary
Barrettine lure captured significantly more moths than Russell and Trécé on some dates.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Barrettine’s pheromone luree0
- Outcome
- capturese0
- Direction
- moree0
- Qualifier
- some of the trap-check datese0
- Comparator
- Russell, Trécée0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barrettine’s pheromone lure provided significantly more captures than the other two (Russell, Trécé) in some of the trap-check dates.”
t0“Cotton Bollworm”