Abstract
Three crosses were made among four bread wheat cultivars, Sahka 93 x Gemmeiza 7, Sakha 94 x Gemmeiza 7 and Sakha 94 x Giza 168. The five populations i.e P1, P2, Fl, F2 and F3 of each cross were used to estimate genetic variance, gene action and heritability for grain yield and its components. The experiment was conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station from 2003/2004 through 2006 / 2007 season. Significant positive heterotic effects were obtained relative to the better parents for plant height, spike length and 100-kernel weight in some crosses. Meanwhile, for maturity date, significant negative (favorable) heterosis relative to the earlier parent was detected in the first cross. Overdominance towards the higher parent was detected for days to heading and to maturity in the first cross, and plant height and spike length in the second and third crosses, respectively. While, overdominance towards the lower parent was detected for spike length only in the first cross. Partial dominance towards the higher parent was obtained for days to maturity in the second and third crosses , spike length in the second cross, and grain yield plant-1 in the first and second crosses. On the other hand, partial dominance towards the lower parent was observed for plant height in the first and third crosses, days to heading in the second and third crosses, number of kernel spike-1, 100 - kernel weight In the three crosses, and grain yield plant-1 in the third one. Significant positive estimates of inbreeding depression were detected for all studied characters except for days to heading in the first and second cross and days to maturity in the third one. The additive gene effect was significant for all characters in all crosses. In addition, dominance and epistasis effects were significant for most of the studied attributes. Estimates of heritability in broad sense were high to moderate for all studied characters In the three crosses. Moreover, moderate estimates of narrow sense heritability were detected for most studied characters. These results indicated that selection for the studied characters could be used in the early generations but would be more effective if postponed to late generations.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Some crosses showed significant positive heterosis for plant height, spike length and 100-kernel weight against better parents.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Significant positive heterotic effects were obtained relative to the better parents for plant height, spike length and 100-kernel weight in some crosses.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The first cross showed significant favorable negative maturity-date heterosis relative to the earlier parent.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“for maturity date, significant negative (favorable) heterosis relative to the earlier parent was detected in the first cross.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher-parent overdominance was found for heading and maturity dates in the first cross.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Overdominance towards the higher parent was detected for days to heading and to maturity in the first cross”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher-parent overdominance was found for plant height in the second cross and spike length in the third.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“plant height and spike length in the second and third crosses, respectively.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower-parent overdominance was found for spike length in the first cross.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“overdominance towards the lower parent was detected for spike length only in the first cross.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher-parent partial dominance was found for maturity date in the second and third crosses and spike length in the second.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Partial dominance towards the higher parent was obtained for days to maturity in the second and third crosses , spike length in the second cross”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher-parent partial dominance was found for grain yield per plant in the first and second crosses.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“grain yield plant-1 in the first and second crosses.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower-parent partial dominance covered plant height, heading date, kernels per spike, kernel weight and yield in specified crosses.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“partial dominance towards the lower parent was observed for plant height in the first and third crosses, days to heading in the second and third crosses, number of kernel spike-1, 100 - kernel weight In the three crosses, and grain yield plant-1 in the third one.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Most studied traits showed significant positive inbreeding depression, with stated heading and maturity exceptions.
- Outcome
- inbreeding depressione0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Qualifier
- except for days to heading in the first and second cross and days to maturity in the third onee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Significant positive estimates of inbreeding depression were detected for all studied characters except for days to heading in the first and second cross and days to maturity in the third one.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Additive gene effects were significant for all traits in all crosses.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The additive gene effect was significant for all characters in all crosses.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Dominance and epistasis effects were significant for most traits.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“dominance and epistasis effects were significant for most of the studied attributes.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Broad-sense heritability was high to moderate for all studied traits across three crosses.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Estimates of heritability in broad sense were high to moderate for all studied characters In the three crosses.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Narrow-sense heritability was moderate for most studied traits.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“moderate estimates of narrow sense heritability were detected for most studied characters.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that selection can begin early but would be more effective in later generations.
- Outcome
- selection for the studied characters could be used in the early generations but would be more effective if postponed to late generationse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“selection for the studied characters could be used in the early generations but would be more effective if postponed to late generations.”
t0“BREAD WHEAT”