Abstract
Purple prairie clover (PPC, Dalea purpurea Vent.) is a grazing tolerant perennial legume with good nutritional quality and is widely distributed across North America. Deferred rotational grazing (DR) and continuous grazing (CG) are the most widespread grazing systems on North American grasslands. We conducted a 10 yr grazing study to assess the effects of environmental factors and grazing on the frequency of PPC in plant communities. The results showed that the frequency of PPC decreased and then increased with increasing precipitation under CG (P < 0.05), while there was no significant change under DR (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, PPC frequency increased with temperature under DR (P < 0.05), but did not change under CG (P > 0.05). Both grazing systems and the number of grazing years had a significant effect on PPC frequency (P < 0.05), and there is no interaction between those two factors (P > 0.05). We found that from 2011 to 2020, the growth rate of PPC population is 18.24% and 11.69% per year under DR and CG grazing, respectively. Moreover, after 10 yr of grazing, the PPC increase in DR was 22.86% higher than that of CG. Thus, selecting the DR grazing system can increase PPC and is an effective practice for coping with environmental changes.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Under continuous grazing, PPC frequency first decreased then increased with precipitation.
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Verbatim
e0“the frequency of PPC decreased and then increased with increasing precipitation under CG (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under deferred rotational grazing, PPC frequency did not change significantly with precipitation.
- Taxon
- purple prairie clover
Dalea purpureat0 - Outcome
- no significant changee0
- Direction
- no significant changee0
- Setting
- under DRe0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while there was no significant change under DR (P > 0.05)”
t0“purple prairie clover”
Claim · model-written summary
PPC frequency increased with temperature under deferred rotational grazing.
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Verbatim
e0“PPC frequency increased with temperature under DR (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
PPC frequency did not change significantly with temperature under continuous grazing.
- Taxon
- purple prairie cloverDalea purpureat0
- Outcome
- did not changee0
- Direction
- did not changee0
- Setting
- under CGe0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but did not change under CG (P > 0.05)”
t0“purple prairie clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing system significantly affected PPC frequency.
Not reportedOrgan / stageDirection
Verbatim
e0“Both grazing systems and the number of grazing years had a significant effect on PPC frequency (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Number of grazing years significantly affected PPC frequency.
Not reportedOrgan / stageDirection
Verbatim
e0“Both grazing systems and the number of grazing years had a significant effect on PPC frequency (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing system and number of grazing years showed no significant interaction on PPC frequency.
- Taxon
- purple prairie cloverDalea purpureat0
- Outcome
- no interactione0
- Direction
- no interactione0
- Setting
- those two factorse0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there is no interaction between those two factors (P > 0.05)”
t0“purple prairie clover”
Claim · model-written summary
The PPC population grew 18.24% per year under deferred rotational grazing.
Verbatim
e0“the growth rate of PPC population is 18.24% and 11.69% per year under DR and CG grazing, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The PPC population grew 11.69% per year under continuous grazing.
Verbatim
e0“the growth rate of PPC population is 18.24% and 11.69% per year under DR and CG grazing, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
After ten years, PPC increase under deferred rotational grazing was 22.86% higher than continuous grazing.
Verbatim
e0“after 10 yr of grazing, the PPC increase in DR was 22.86% higher than that of CG”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend deferred rotational grazing to increase PPC amid environmental change.
Verbatim
e0“selecting the DR grazing system can increase PPC and is an effective practice for coping with environmental changes”