Abstract
Abstract Palmer amaranth has developed resistance to at least seven herbicide sites of action in the Cotton Belt of the United States, leaving producers with fewer options to manage this weed. Previous research with corn and newly commercially released soybean systems have found the use of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibiting herbicides such as isoxaflutole (IFT) to be effective at managing Palmer amaranth. Consequently, a new transgenic cultivar of cotton is being developed with tolerance to IFT, allowing for in-crop applications of the herbicide. Two separate studies were conducted near Marianna, AR, in 2019 and replicated in 2020, to investigate the crop safety and utility of IFT when added to cotton herbicide programs. Herbicide programs featured IFT as a preemergence or early-postemergence option, residual herbicides in subsequent postemergence applications, and the presence or absence of a layby application. The use of IFT did not significantly impact cotton injury or yield, whereas the use of layered residual herbicides, including IFT, increased Palmer amaranth control compared to those without. Regardless of earlier use of IFT, layby applications were needed for season-long control of Palmer amaranth, entireleaf morningglory, broadleaf signalgrass, and johnsongrass, as evidenced by greater than a 20 percentage point improvement in control of all weeds when a layby application was made. Overall, findings from these studies indicate IFT to be a suitable tool for managing Palmer amaranth and will provide an additional site of action for cotton herbicide programs. Sequential herbicide applications and overlaying residuals were found to be paramount for managing Palmer amaranth throughout the season.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
IFT did not significantly affect cotton injury.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- IFTe0
- Outcome
- cotton injurye0
- Direction
- did not significantly impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of IFT did not significantly impact cotton injury or yield”
t0“cotton production systems”
Claim · model-written summary
IFT did not significantly affect cotton yield.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- IFTe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not significantly impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of IFT did not significantly impact cotton injury or yield”
t0“cotton production systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Layered residual herbicides including IFT increased Palmer amaranth control.
- Treatment
- layered residual herbicides, including IFTe0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- Palmer amaranth controle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- those withoute0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the use of layered residual herbicides, including IFT, increased Palmer amaranth control compared to those without.”
Claim · model-written summary
Layby application improved Palmer amaranth control by over 20 percentage points.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- layby applicatione0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- season-long control of Palmer amaranthe0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Value
- greater than a 20 percentage pointe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“layby applications were needed for season-long control of Palmer amaranth, entireleaf morningglory, broadleaf signalgrass, and johnsongrass, as evidenced by greater than a 20 percentage point improvement in control of all weeds when a layby application was made.”
t0“cotton production systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Layby application improved entireleaf morningglory control by over 20 percentage points.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- layby applicatione0
- Interactor
- entireleaf morningglorye0weed
- Outcome
- entireleaf morningglorye0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Value
- greater than a 20 percentage pointe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“layby applications were needed for season-long control of Palmer amaranth, entireleaf morningglory, broadleaf signalgrass, and johnsongrass, as evidenced by greater than a 20 percentage point improvement in control of all weeds when a layby application was made.”
t0“cotton production systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Layby application improved broadleaf signalgrass control by over 20 percentage points.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- layby applicatione0
- Interactor
- broadleaf signalgrass
Urochloa platyphyllae0weed - Outcome
- broadleaf signalgrasse0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Value
- greater than a 20 percentage pointe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“layby applications were needed for season-long control of Palmer amaranth, entireleaf morningglory, broadleaf signalgrass, and johnsongrass, as evidenced by greater than a 20 percentage point improvement in control of all weeds when a layby application was made.”
t0“cotton production systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Layby application improved johnsongrass control by over 20 percentage points.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- layby applicatione0
- Interactor
- johnsongrass
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Sorghum halepensee0weed - Outcome
- johnsongrasse0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Value
- greater than a 20 percentage pointe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“layby applications were needed for season-long control of Palmer amaranth, entireleaf morningglory, broadleaf signalgrass, and johnsongrass, as evidenced by greater than a 20 percentage point improvement in control of all weeds when a layby application was made.”
t0“cotton production systems”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider IFT suitable for Palmer amaranth management in cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- suitable tool for managing Palmer amaranthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IFT to be a suitable tool for managing Palmer amaranth and will provide an additional site of action for cotton herbicide programs.”
The same questions in other papers
isoxaflutole · crop injury · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
isoxaflutole · control · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
herbicide · control · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
56 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
64 papers more in this group
See all 68 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.