Abstract
Available soil N and a cultivar's genetic potential are primary factors determining grain protein concentration (GPC). This study focused on important genotypic and environmental factors that determine GPC and yield potential in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and investigated the use of GPC as a practical indicator of crop N deficiencies for a wide range of cultivars grown in 16 N fertilizer trials in western Canada. Large GPC responses to added N were accompanied by large increases in grain yield, and similar GPC–grain yield relationships were found at maximum grain yield and 90 and 80% of maximum grain yield. Both genotype and environment influenced the upper limit of yield when N was not limiting. The relationship between GPC and grain yield depended on the part of the N fertilizer response curve sampled, and there was a strong negative correlation between cultivar GPC and maximum potential grain yield. The latter observation indicates that the production of high-yielding cultivars with high GPC is more complicated than simply stacking yield genes in a high-GPC genetic background or vice versa. Large differences amongst cultivars also suggested that the critical GPC–grain yield responses must be known for each cultivar before GPC can be used as a practical postharvest indicator of N sufficiency. Growing season weather had a large influence on GPC–grain yield relationships, and GPC at the point of maximum grain yield increased as the potential grain yield of a cultivar was reduced by environmental limitations. These observations indicate that GPC may be a useful postharvest indicator of N deficiencies for crops that are under N stress, but caution must be used when employing GPC to develop management systems that optimize N fertilizer use.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Large grain protein concentration responses to added N were accompanied by large increases in grain yield.
- Taxon
- common wheat
Triticum aestivume2 - Treatment
- added Ne1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Qualifier
- large GPC responsese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Large GPC responses to added N were accompanied by large increases in grain yield”
e2“common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
GPC–grain yield relationships were similar at maximum grain yield and at 90 and 80% of maximum grain yield.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Outcome
- GPC–grain yield relationshipse1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- maximum grain yielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“similar GPC–grain yield relationships were found at maximum grain yield and 90 and 80% of maximum grain yield”
e2“common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype influenced the upper limit of yield when N was not limiting.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Material
- genotypee1
- Outcome
- upper limit of yielde1
- Qualifier
- when N was not limitinge1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Both genotype and environment influenced the upper limit of yield when N was not limiting”
e2“common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Environment influenced the upper limit of yield when N was not limiting.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- environmente1
- Outcome
- upper limit of yielde1
- Qualifier
- when N was not limitinge1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Both genotype and environment influenced the upper limit of yield when N was not limiting”
e2“common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The relationship between GPC and grain yield depended on the part of the N fertilizer response curve sampled.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- part of the N fertilizer response curve samplede1
- Outcome
- relationship between GPC and grain yielde1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The relationship between GPC and grain yield depended on the part of the N fertilizer response curve sampled”
e2“common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Across cultivars there was a strong negative correlation between GPC and maximum potential grain yield.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Material
- cultivare1
- Outcome
- correlation between cultivar GPC and maximum potential grain yielde1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“there was a strong negative correlation between cultivar GPC and maximum potential grain yield”
e2“common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
GPC at the point of maximum grain yield increased as the potential grain yield of a cultivar was reduced by environmental limitations.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- environmental limitationse1
- Outcome
- GPC at the point of maximum grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- as the potential grain yield of a cultivar was reducede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“GPC at the point of maximum grain yield increased as the potential grain yield of a cultivar was reduced by environmental limitations”
e2“common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Growing season weather had a large influence on GPC–grain yield relationships.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- Growing season weathere1
- Outcome
- GPC–grain yield relationshipse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Growing season weather had a large influence on GPC–grain yield relationships”
e2“common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The critical GPC–grain yield responses must be known for each cultivar before GPC can be used as a practical postharvest indicator of N sufficiency.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Outcome
- practical postharvest indicator of N sufficiencye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Large differences amongst cultivars also suggested that the critical GPC–grain yield responses must be known for each cultivar before GPC can be used as a practical postharvest indicator of N sufficiency”
e2“common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
GPC may be a useful postharvest indicator of N deficiencies for crops under N stress, with caution in managing N fertilizer use.
- Taxon
- common wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Outcome
- useful postharvest indicator of N deficienciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“GPC may be a useful postharvest indicator of N deficiencies for crops that are under N stress, but caution must be used when employing GPC to develop management systems that optimize N fertilizer use”
e2“common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”