Abstract
Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum race 4 (FOV4) is an early season disease causing root rot, seedling wilt, and death. To develop an appropriate field evaluation method for resistance to FOV4 in cotton breeding, the objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of cultivar, planting date, and inoculum density on disease progression in 2020–2021. Results showed that the usual local mid-April planting had the lowest disease severity (DSR) or mortality rate (MR) in 2020 and 2021. DSR or MR increased at the late April and early May plantings in both years and reached the highest at the early May planting in 2020, while MR in 2021 was followed by a decrease in the late May planting and reached the highest in the mid-June planting. Local daily low temperatures between mid-April and mid-June were favorable for FOV4 infections, whereas daily high temperatures at 35°C or higher suppressed wilt severity. When seedlings at the 2-true leaf stage were inoculated with 10 4 , 10 5 , 10 6 , and 10 7 conidia ml −1 per plant in 2020, DSR was low but a linear relationship between inoculum density and DSR was observed. When a FOV4-infested soil supplemented with artificial inoculation was used, disease progression in three moderately susceptible or moderately resistant cultivars followed a linear model, while it followed a quadratic model in the highly susceptible Pima S-7 cultivar only. Among the other three cultivars, FM 2334GLT had the lowest DSR or MR except for one planting date in both years, followed by PHY 725 RF and Pima PHY 881 RF in ascending order, which were consistent with the difference in regression coefficients of the linear models. This study demonstrates that disease progression curves due to FOV4 can be used to compare responses to FOV4 infections among cotton genotypes in cotton breeding and genetic studies, regardless of planting date and inoculation method.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Mid-April planting had the lowest wilt severity or mortality in both years.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- mid-April plantinge0
- Outcome
- disease severity (DSR) or mortality rate (MR)e0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the usual local mid-April planting had the lowest disease severity (DSR) or mortality rate (MR) in 2020 and 2021”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Later April and early May planting increased wilt severity or mortality in both years.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- late April and early May plantingse0
- Outcome
- DSR or MRe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DSR or MR increased at the late April and early May plantings in both years”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Early May planting had the highest disease severity or mortality in 2020.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- early May plantinge0
- Outcome
- DSR or MRe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DSR or MR increased at the late April and early May plantings in both years and reached the highest at the early May planting in 2020”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2021 mortality decreased at late May planting and peaked at mid-June planting.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- late May plantinge0
- Outcome
- MRe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MR in 2021 was followed by a decrease in the late May planting and reached the highest in the mid-June planting”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
High daily temperatures of at least 35°C suppressed wilt severity.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- daily high temperatures at 35°C or highere0
- Outcome
- wilt severitye0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“daily high temperatures at 35°C or higher suppressed wilt severity”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculum density was linearly related to disease severity.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- inoculum densitye0
- Outcome
- DSRe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a linear relationship between inoculum density and DSR was observed”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Three moderately susceptible or resistant cultivars showed linear disease progression.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- three moderately susceptible or moderately resistant cultivarse0
- Outcome
- disease progressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“disease progression in three moderately susceptible or moderately resistant cultivars followed a linear model”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Pima S-7 showed quadratic disease progression.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- Pima S-7e0
- Outcome
- quadratic modele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it followed a quadratic model in the highly susceptible Pima S-7 cultivar only”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
FM 2334GLT generally had the lowest severity or mortality among the other three cultivars.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- FM 2334GLTe0
- Outcome
- DSR or MRe0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FM 2334GLT had the lowest DSR or MR except for one planting date in both years”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease progression curves can compare cotton genotype responses across planting dates and inoculation methods.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- compare responses to FOV4 infectionse0
- Comparator
- cotton genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“disease progression curves due to FOV4 can be used to compare responses to FOV4 infections among cotton genotypes in cotton breeding and genetic studies, regardless of planting date and inoculation method”