Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sanitizers to eliminate pathogens from the nutrient solution, productions surfaces, and their effect on quality (yield, color) of lettuce and basil grown in hydroponic Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) systems. Sanitizers' efficacy to eliminate Salmonella typhimurium from the nutrient solution and hydroponic surfaces was evaluated. Pathogen enumeration and surface swabs were collected for 13 treatments post-inoculation (∼104 CFU/ml). A split-plot within a randomized complete block study design compared the treatments (SaniDate12.0; 200ppm, and sodium hypochlorite;100ppm, 200ppm) on the health of lettuce and basil. Of all identified sanitizers approved for use in food production, SaniDate 12.0 and Sodium-hypochlorite 100 ppm and 200 ppm effectively eliminated Salmonella typhimurium from nutrient solution and surfaces and were tested in commercial units with lettuce and basil. The average plant weight at harvest (5weeks post-transplant) for untreated controls was 181.65 ± 10.89 g/lettuce and 78.88 ± 21.4 g/basil. All sanitizer treatments negatively impacted lettuce quality, with 200 ppm- sodium-hypochlorite treated crops severely affected (92.05% reduction/lettuce and 83% reduction/basil). Crops treated with SaniDate 12.0 recovered fully (117.4% lettuce and 104.3% basil) by harvest (29 days post-treatment) compared to hypochlorite treatments. SaniDate 12.0 was the only suitable commercial sanitizer for developing water sanitation protocols in hydroponics. The validation of its effectiveness against the human pathogens in the system with crops, as well as nutrient content analysis in ongoing. Ohio Department of Agriculture grant.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The 200 ppm sodium hypochlorite treatment reduced lettuce quality by 92.05% relative to untreated controls.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae2 - Treatment
- 200 ppm- sodium-hypochloritee2
- Outcome
- qualitye2
- Direction
- reductione2
- Value
- 92.05%e2
- Comparator
- untreated controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The average plant weight at harvest (5weeks post-transplant) for untreated controls was 181.65 ± 10.89 g/lettuce”
e2“All sanitizer treatments negatively impacted lettuce quality, with 200 ppm- sodium-hypochlorite treated crops severely affected (92.05% reduction/lettuce and 83% reduction/basil)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 200 ppm sodium hypochlorite treatment reduced basil quality by 83% relative to untreated controls.
- Taxon
- basil
Ocimum basilicume2 - Treatment
- 200 ppm- sodium-hypochloritee2
- Outcome
- qualitye2
- Direction
- reductione2
- Value
- 83%e2
- Comparator
- untreated controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The average plant weight at harvest (5weeks post-transplant) for untreated controls was 181.65 ± 10.89 g/lettuce”
e2“All sanitizer treatments negatively impacted lettuce quality, with 200 ppm- sodium-hypochlorite treated crops severely affected (92.05% reduction/lettuce and 83% reduction/basil)”
Claim · model-written summary
All sanitizer treatments negatively impacted lettuce quality compared with untreated controls.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae2
- Treatment
- All sanitizer treatmentse2
- Outcome
- lettuce qualitye2
- Direction
- negatively impactede2
- Comparator
- untreated controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The average plant weight at harvest (5weeks post-transplant) for untreated controls was 181.65 ± 10.89 g/lettuce”
e2“All sanitizer treatments negatively impacted lettuce quality, with 200 ppm- sodium-hypochlorite treated crops severely affected (92.05% reduction/lettuce and 83% reduction/basil)”
Claim · model-written summary
SaniDate 12.0 recovered lettuce fully (117.4%) by harvest compared with hypochlorite treatments.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae3
- Treatment
- SaniDate 12.0e3
- Outcome
- recoverede3
- Direction
- recovered fullye3
- Value
- 117.4%e3
- Comparator
- hypochlorite treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Crops treated with SaniDate 12.0 recovered fully (117.4% lettuce and 104.3% basil) by harvest (29 days post-treatment) compared to hypochlorite treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
SaniDate 12.0 recovered basil fully (104.3%) by harvest compared with hypochlorite treatments.
- Taxon
- basilOcimum basilicume3
- Treatment
- SaniDate 12.0e3
- Outcome
- recoverede3
- Direction
- recovered fullye3
- Value
- 104.3%e3
- Comparator
- hypochlorite treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Crops treated with SaniDate 12.0 recovered fully (117.4% lettuce and 104.3% basil) by harvest (29 days post-treatment) compared to hypochlorite treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that SaniDate 12.0 is the only suitable commercial sanitizer for water sanitation protocols in hydroponic lettuce and basil production.
- Taxon
- lettuce and basilLactuca sativaOcimum basilicume0
- Treatment
- SaniDate 12.0e4
- Outcome
- suitable commercial sanitizere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sanitizers to eliminate pathogens from the nutrient solution, productions surfaces, and their effect on quality (yield, color) of lettuce and basil grown in hydroponic Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) systems”
e4“SaniDate 12.0 was the only suitable commercial sanitizer for developing water sanitation protocols in hydroponics”
Claim · model-written summary
SaniDate 12.0 and sodium hypochlorite at 100 and 200 ppm effectively eliminated Salmonella typhimurium from nutrient solution and surfaces.
- Taxon
- lettuce and basilLactuca sativaOcimum basilicume5
- Treatment
- SaniDate 12.0 and Sodium-hypochlorite 100 ppm and 200 ppme5
- Interactor
- Salmonella typhimurium
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimuriume5pathogen - Outcome
- Salmonella typhimurium from nutrient solution and surfacese5
- Direction
- eliminatede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Of all identified sanitizers approved for use in food production, SaniDate 12.0 and Sodium-hypochlorite 100 ppm and 200 ppm effectively eliminated Salmonella typhimurium from nutrient solution and surfaces and were tested in commercial units with lettuce and basil”
The same questions in other papers
sodium hypochlorite · quality: general · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.