Abstract
The toxicity of four commercial insecticides (mineral oil, azadirachtin, phenthoate and abamectin) in addition to mint oil (variety of terpenoids), against the citrus leaf-miner, Phyllocnistis citrella, larvae, was tested under laboratory conditions using the leaf-dipping method. The bioassay data indicated that abamectin was the most toxic insecticide against P. citrella larvae, followed by azadirachtin, phenthoate, mint oil and finally mineral oil. On the other hand, field evaluation showed that the highest larval mortality was 94.79 and 83.87% induced by abamectin and azadirachtin, respectively, five days after the 2nd application. Mineral oil and phenthoate showed a 72.43 and 61.4% mortality respectively, at 11 days after the 2nd application, and finally mint oil, 49.82% three days after the 1st application.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
In laboratory leaf-dipping bioassays abamectin was the most toxic insecticide to P. citrella larvae, followed by azadirachtin, phenthoate, mint oil and finally mineral oil.
- Taxon
- P. citrella
Phyllocnistis citrellae0 - Treatment
- abamectine0
- Interactor
- P. citrellaPhyllocnistis citrellae0pest
- Outcome
- most toxice0
- Direction
- most toxice0
- Comparator
- azadirachtin, phenthoate, mint oil and finally mineral oile0
- Setting
- laboratory conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“abamectin was the most toxic insecticide against P. citrella larvae, followed by azadirachtin, phenthoate, mint oil and finally mineral oil”
e1“laboratory conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
In the field, abamectin induced the highest larval mortality of 94.79% five days after the second application.
- Taxon
- Phyllocnistis citrellaPhyllocnistis citrellae1
- Treatment
- abamectine0
- Interactor
- Phyllocnistis citrellaPhyllocnistis citrellae1pest
- Outcome
- highest larval mortalitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 94.79e0
- Setting
- fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“field evaluation showed that the highest larval mortality was 94.79 and 83.87% induced by abamectin and azadirachtin, respectively, five days after the 2nd application”
e1“Phyllocnistis citrella”
Claim · model-written summary
In the field, azadirachtin induced a high larval mortality of 83.87% five days after the second application.
- Taxon
- Phyllocnistis citrellaPhyllocnistis citrellae1
- Treatment
- azadirachtine0
- Interactor
- Phyllocnistis citrellaPhyllocnistis citrellae1pest
- Outcome
- highest larval mortalitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 83.87%e0
- Setting
- fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“field evaluation showed that the highest larval mortality was 94.79 and 83.87% induced by abamectin and azadirachtin, respectively, five days after the 2nd application”
e1“Phyllocnistis citrella”
Claim · model-written summary
In the field, mineral oil caused 72.43% larval mortality 11 days after the second application.
- Taxon
- Phyllocnistis citrellaPhyllocnistis citrellae1
- Treatment
- Mineral oile0
- Interactor
- Phyllocnistis citrellaPhyllocnistis citrellae1pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 72.43e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mineral oil and phenthoate showed a 72.43 and 61.4% mortality respectively, at 11 days after the 2nd application”
e1“Phyllocnistis citrella”
Claim · model-written summary
In the field, phenthoate caused 61.4% larval mortality 11 days after the second application.
- Taxon
- Phyllocnistis citrellaPhyllocnistis citrellae1
- Treatment
- phenthoatee0
- Interactor
- Phyllocnistis citrellaPhyllocnistis citrellae1pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 61.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mineral oil and phenthoate showed a 72.43 and 61.4% mortality respectively, at 11 days after the 2nd application”
e1“Phyllocnistis citrella”
Claim · model-written summary
In the field, mint oil caused 49.82% larval mortality three days after the first application.
- Taxon
- Phyllocnistis citrellaPhyllocnistis citrellae2
- Treatment
- mint oile0
- Interactor
- Phyllocnistis citrellaPhyllocnistis citrellae2pest
- Outcome
- larval mortalitye1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 49.82%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“finally mint oil, 49.82% three days after the 1st application”
e1“larval mortality”
e2“Phyllocnistis citrella”