Abstract
D2 analysis in single cross hybrids of maize over seasons indicated the influence of seasons on clustering patterns based on morpho-physiological and yield components. The cluster analysis assigned the 45 hybrids of maize single cross hybrids into five, six and seven major clusters in rabi, summer, and kharif, respectively based on the quantitative characters indicating the importance of phenotypic descriptors to differentiate between them. The component characters viz., cob girth, kernel weight, and days to 50% tasseling contributed much to the clustering pattern of hybrids in all three seasons, while the number of kernel rows cob-1, number of kernels row-1, cob length, SPAD meter reading, days to 50% silking and specific leaf weight contributed much less to the genetic diversity. Cluster means for different yield contributing characters also varied across seasons maximum being in rabi, kharif, and summer, respectively, while morpho-physiological characters were high in kharif followed by rabi and summer emphasizing the need for multi-environment testing for the identification of stable and superior hybrids. High levels of intra and inter-cluster distances indicated the presence of broad genetic variation between and within a cluster and utilization of them in crop improvement programmes. The top high-yielding hybrids viz., BML 7 × DFTY, BML 15 × PDM 1474, DFTY × Heypool and DFTY × PDM 145 consistently were included in the same clusters over seasons indicating their genetic similarities and stability in performance.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
clustering patterns
Zea maysNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“influence of seasons on clustering patterns based on morpho-physiological and yield components”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
five, six and seven major clusters
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“45 hybrids of maize single cross hybrids into five, six and seven major clusters in rabi, summer, and kharif, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
clustering pattern
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cob girth, kernel weight, and days to 50% tasseling contributed much to the clustering pattern of hybrids in all three seasons”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
genetic diversity
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of kernel rows cob-1, number of kernels row-1, cob length, SPAD meter reading, days to 50% silking and specific leaf weight contributed much less to the genetic diversity”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster means
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cluster means for different yield contributing characters also varied across seasons maximum being in rabi, kharif, and summer, respectively”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
morpho-physiological characters
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“morpho-physiological characters were high in kharif followed by rabi and summer”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
intra and inter-cluster distances
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High levels of intra and inter-cluster distances indicated the presence of broad genetic variation between and within a cluster”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
genetic similarities and stability in performance
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BML 7 × DFTY, BML 15 × PDM 1474, DFTY × Heypool and DFTY × PDM 145 consistently were included in the same clusters over seasons indicating their genetic similarities and stability in performance”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
multi-environment testing
- Outcome
- multi-environment testinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“need for multi-environment testing for the identification of stable and superior hybrids”
t0“Maize”