Abstract
The genus Sambucus belongs to the family Viburnaceae, and has long been a debatable taxon regarding its systematics and taxonomic assignment. It is known for its morphological and genetic variations and thus the taxonomic delimitation remains uncertain. Phenotypic and genotypic variations within plant species causes difficulties in the detection of species boundaries. In the present review, we compiled a set of studies that assessed species discrimination within Sambucus genus by morphological and molecular markers as well as the taxonomic uncertainties in the re-circumscription of the segregated genera i.e., Viburnum L., Sambucus L., and Adoxa L., (syn. Sinadoxa C.Y. Wu, Z.L. Wu & R.F. Huang/Tetradoxa C.Y. Wu) from Caprifoliaceae and their family assignment. The data was obtained from published journal articles and various online databases. Morphological and molecular diagnostic characters were employed to distinguish Sambucus species. Our findings indicated that high intraspecific variations within narrow-ranged populations and their widespread counterparts contribute to its taxonomic complications. Additionally, intraspecific variations within Sambucus species leads to misidentifications and the misapplication of names, occasioning the publication of many putative synonyms and ambiguous names. Possible interspecific hybridizations experienced between Sambucus species increases complexity in character evolution. A morphological analysis showed that the endocarp seed morphological characters can reliably support the segregation of Sambucus taxa into discrete taxonomic entities. In molecular analysis, the NeighborNet (NN) phylogenetic split network revealed three distinct genera including Viburnum, Sambucus, and Adoxa, which clustered separately. The Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis indicated that the Sambucus species formed a monophyletic group and clustered into two major clades, a small clade containing S. maderensis, S. peruviana, S. nigra, and S. canadensis, and a large clade encompassing the rest of the species with significantly supported clades (<52%). The preferred family assignment for Sambucus is Viburnaceae.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
High intraspecific variation within narrow-ranged and widespread Sambucus populations contributes to taxonomic complications.
- Outcome
- high intraspecific variationse1
_in_Tashkent_Botanical_Garden.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
SambucusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_in_Tashkent_Botanical_Garden.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Sambucus L.”
e1“Our findings indicated that high intraspecific variations within narrow-ranged populations and their widespread counterparts contribute to its taxonomic complications”
Claim · model-written summary
Intraspecific variation within Sambucus leads to misidentifications and misapplied names.
- Outcome
- misidentifications and the misapplication of namese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sambucus L.”
e2“intraspecific variations within Sambucus species leads to misidentifications and the misapplication of names”
Claim · model-written summary
Endocarp seed morphological characters can reliably support the segregation of Sambucus taxa into discrete taxonomic entities.
- Outcome
- endocarp seed morphological characterse3
- Qualifier
- can reliably support the segregation of Sambucus taxa into discrete taxonomic entitiese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sambucus L.”
e3“A morphological analysis showed that the endocarp seed morphological characters can reliably support the segregation of Sambucus taxa into discrete taxonomic entities”
Claim · model-written summary
The NeighborNet split network revealed three distinct genera, Viburnum, Sambucus and Adoxa, which clustered separately.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sambucus L.”
e4“In molecular analysis, the NeighborNet (NN) phylogenetic split network revealed three distinct genera including Viburnum, Sambucus, and Adoxa, which clustered separately”
Claim · model-written summary
Sambucus species formed a monophyletic group in the Maximum Likelihood analysis.
- Outcome
- monophyletic groupe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sambucus L.”
e5“The Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis indicated that the Sambucus species formed a monophyletic group and clustered into two major clades, a small clade containing S. maderensis, S. peruviana, S. nigra, and S. canadensis, and a large clade encompassing the rest of the species”
Claim · model-written summary
Sambucus species clustered into two major clades, one small clade containing S. maderensis, S. peruviana, S. nigra and S. canadensis.
- Outcome
- two major cladese5
- Qualifier
- a small clade containing S. maderensis, S. peruviana, S. nigra, and S. canadensise5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sambucus L.”
e5“The Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis indicated that the Sambucus species formed a monophyletic group and clustered into two major clades, a small clade containing S. maderensis, S. peruviana, S. nigra, and S. canadensis, and a large clade encompassing the rest of the species”
Claim · model-written summary
Possible interspecific hybridization between Sambucus species increases complexity in character evolution.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sambucus L.”
e6“Possible interspecific hybridizations experienced between Sambucus species increases complexity in character evolution”
Claim · model-written summary
The preferred family assignment for Sambucus is Viburnaceae.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sambucus L.”
e7“The preferred family assignment for Sambucus is Viburnaceae.”