Abstract
Pear rust in Belarus was first registered in 2007, and after 12 years the disease acquired the character of epiphytosis. A map of the distribution of pear rust in the republic has been compiled. The symptoms of damage to pear and juniper, spores of the causative agent (fungus Gymnosporangium sabinae (Dicks.) G. Winter) are described and illustrated. It has been shown that aecio- and teliospores overwintered in the shoots do not germinate in the next growing season. The teliospores of the current year on juniper germinate not only with phragmobasidia with basidiospores, but also with mycelium, which probably ensures the re-infection of this host plant. The high infectious potential of both pear (up to 15 mln aeciospores per 1 cm2 ) and juniper (2 mln teliospores per 1 cm2 ) was determined. The death due to rust of annual shoots of pear and individual plants of the Cossack juniper was ascertained. The invasion of G. sabinae on the territory of Belarus coincides with the wide introduction of susceptible species of juniper into landscaping.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Pear rust was first registered in Belarus in 2007.
- Taxon
- Pear
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=60)
Pyrus communise0 - Interactor
- Gymnosporangium sabinae
Gymnosporangium sabinaet1pathogen - Outcome
- first registerede0
- Qualifier
- in 2007e0
- Setting
- Belaruse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t1“Gymnosporangium sabinae”
e0“Pear rust in Belarus was first registered in 2007”
Claim · model-written summary
After 12 years the disease acquired the character of epiphytosis in Belarus.
- Taxon
- PearPyrus communise0
- Outcome
- acquired the character of epiphytosise1
- Qualifier
- after 12 yearse1
- Setting
- Belaruse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pear rust in Belarus was first registered in 2007”
e1“after 12 years the disease acquired the character of epiphytosis”
Claim · model-written summary
Symptoms of damage to pear and juniper caused by Gymnosporangium sabinae were described and illustrated.
- Taxon
- pear and junipere2
- Interactor
- Gymnosporangium sabinaeGymnosporangium sabinaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- symptoms of damagee2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The symptoms of damage to pear and juniper, spores of the causative agent (fungus Gymnosporangium sabinae (Dicks.) G. Winter) are described and illustrated”
Claim · model-written summary
Aecio- and teliospores overwintered in shoots do not germinate in the next growing season.
- Taxon
- PearPyrus communist0
- Organ / stage
- shootse3
- Interactor
- Gymnosporangium sabinaeGymnosporangium sabinaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- do not germinatee3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pear rust”
e3“aecio- and teliospores overwintered in the shoots do not germinate in the next growing season”
t1“Gymnosporangium sabinae”
Claim · model-written summary
Current-year teliospores on juniper germinate also with mycelium, not only with basidiospores.
- Taxon
- junipere4
- Interactor
- Gymnosporangium sabinaeGymnosporangium sabinaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- germinatee4
- Qualifier
- but also with myceliume4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Gymnosporangium sabinae”
e4“The teliospores of the current year on juniper germinate not only with phragmobasidia with basidiospores, but also with mycelium”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination with mycelium probably ensures re-infection of juniper.
- Taxon
- junipere4
- Interactor
- Gymnosporangium sabinaeGymnosporangium sabinaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- re-infection of this host plante5
- Qualifier
- with myceliume4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Gymnosporangium sabinae”
e4“The teliospores of the current year on juniper germinate not only with phragmobasidia with basidiospores, but also with mycelium”
e5“which probably ensures the re-infection of this host plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Pear aeciospores have high infectious potential (up to 15 million per cm2).
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise6
- Interactor
- Gymnosporangium sabinaeGymnosporangium sabinaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- high infectious potentiale6
- Direction
- highe6
- Value
- up to 15 mln aeciospores per 1 cm2e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Gymnosporangium sabinae”
e6“The high infectious potential of both pear (up to 15 mln aeciospores per 1 cm2 ) and juniper (2 mln teliospores per 1 cm2 ) was determined”
Claim · model-written summary
Juniper teliospores have high infectious potential (2 million per cm2).
- Taxon
- junipere6
- Interactor
- Gymnosporangium sabinaeGymnosporangium sabinaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- high infectious potentiale6
- Direction
- highe6
- Value
- 2 mln teliospores per 1 cm2e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Gymnosporangium sabinae”
e6“The high infectious potential of both pear (up to 15 mln aeciospores per 1 cm2 ) and juniper (2 mln teliospores per 1 cm2 ) was determined”
Claim · model-written summary
Rust killed annual shoots of pear.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise7
- Organ / stage
- annual shootse7
- Interactor
- Gymnosporangium sabinaeGymnosporangium sabinaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- death due to rust of annual shootse7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Gymnosporangium sabinae”
e7“The death due to rust of annual shoots of pear and individual plants of the Cossack juniper was ascertained”
Claim · model-written summary
Rust killed individual plants of Cossack juniper.
- Taxon
- Cossack junipere7
- Organ / stage
- individual plantse7
- Interactor
- Gymnosporangium sabinaeGymnosporangium sabinaet1pathogen
- Outcome
- death due to ruste7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Gymnosporangium sabinae”
e7“The death due to rust of annual shoots of pear and individual plants of the Cossack juniper was ascertained”
Claim · model-written summary
The invasion of Gymnosporangium sabinae in Belarus coincides with the wide introduction of susceptible juniper species into landscaping.
- Taxon
- junipere2
- Treatment
- wide introduction of susceptible species of juniper into landscapinge2
- Interactor
- G. sabinaeGymnosporangium sabinaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- invasione2
- Setting
- Belaruse2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Gymnosporangium sabinae”
e2“The invasion of G. sabinae on the territory of Belarus coincides with the wide introduction of susceptible species of juniper into landscaping”