Abstract
The aim of this research was to contribute information on toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela. Information on taxonomy, common names, habit, origin, status, location, propagation and toxicology (part of the plant, effects) was compiled from articles, books, catalogs, herbarium collections. A botanical analysis (taxonomy, common names, habit, origin, status, location, propagation) and toxicology (part of the plant, effects) was performed. The information about plant poisoning cases was requested to SIMET (Pharmacy faculty -UCV). Seventy-eight species were found in 34 families, the most important were: Apocynaceae (10 genera/12 species), Araceae (9/9), Euphorbiaceae (4/10) and Solanaceae (5/6). Genus Euphorbia was the most species rich. Most species were exotic species (79.5%) and shrubs (32.1%). The entire plant (35) and latex (19) were the most toxic parts and the most frequent accidental ingestion (61.5%). Twenty cases were reported between 2009-2013, of which 80% were minors, female and urban areas. There is very little information published in Hispanic American countries
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Seventy-eight toxic ornamental plant species were found in Venezuela.
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t0“Toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela”
e0“Seventy-eight species were found in 34 families”
Claim · model-written summary
Apocynaceae, Araceae, Euphorbiaceae and Solanaceae are the most important families of toxic ornamental plants.
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t0“Toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela”
e0“Seventy-eight species were found in 34 families”
Claim · model-written summary
Apocynaceae has 12 toxic ornamental species.
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t0“Toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela”
e1“Apocynaceae (10 genera/12 species)”
Claim · model-written summary
Genus Euphorbia is the most species-rich toxic ornamental genus.
EuphorbiaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
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t0“Toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela”
e2“Genus Euphorbia was the most species rich”
Claim · model-written summary
Most toxic ornamental species are exotic, at 79.5%.
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t0“Toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela”
e3“Most species were exotic species (79.5%)”
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Shrubs make up 32.1% of the toxic ornamental species.
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t0“Toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela”
e4“and shrubs (32.1%)”
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The entire plant has 35 toxic species and is among the most toxic parts.
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t0“Toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela”
e5“The entire plant (35) and latex (19) were the most toxic parts”
Claim · model-written summary
Latex has 19 toxic species and is among the most toxic parts.
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t0“Toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela”
e5“The entire plant (35) and latex (19) were the most toxic parts”
Claim · model-written summary
Accidental ingestion is the most frequent poisoning route, at 61.5%.
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t0“Toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela”
e6“the most frequent accidental ingestion (61.5%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Twenty poisoning cases were reported between 2009 and 2013.
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t0“Toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela”
e7“Twenty cases were reported between 2009-2013”
Claim · model-written summary
Eighty percent of the poisoning cases involved minors, females or urban residents.
Verbatim
t0“Toxic ornamental plants in Venezuela”
e1“Twenty cases were reported between 2009-2013, of which 80% were minors, female and urban areas”