Abstract
Abstract Precision agriculture provides efficient means of obtaining real‐time data to guide nitrogen (N) management based on predicted crop profitability. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of using in‐season measurements (plant height, biomass weight, biomass N, soil plant analysis development [SPAD], GreenSeeker [GS] normalized difference vegetative index [NDVI], and unmanned aerial vehicle [UAV] NDVI) at Feekes 5 (tillering) and Feekes 10 (anthesis) to estimate wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield and protein. The secondary aim was to determine whether the accuracy of yield and protein prediction varies by wheat class and cultivar. Six cultivars—hard red spring (HRS) wheat ‘Jefferson’ and ‘SY Basalt’, hard white spring (HWS) wheat ‘Dayn’ and ‘UI Platinum’, and soft white spring (SWS) wheat ‘Seahawk’ and ‘UI Stone’—were planted at two locations in Idaho in 2018–2020. Plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications with each cultivar evaluated at seven N rates (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 kg N ha –1 ). The determination of the Pearson correlation coefficients revealed that all parameters were linearly correlated with yield except for SPAD at Feekes 5 and biomass weight at Feekes 10. Although estimation of in‐season grain protein remains a challenge, NDVI was strongly correlated with yield especially at Feekes 5. The accuracy of yield prediction was similar for all wheat classes. Comparable accuracy of yield estimation was achieved with GS NDVI and UAV NDVI. Both hand‐held and aerial‐based spectral measurements could be used to prescribe N rates to be applied during tiller formation when wheat yield can be optimized.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
All in-season parameters were linearly correlated with yield, except for the two parameters below.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- all parameterse1
- Outcome
- yielde1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to estimate wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield and protein”
e1“all parameters were linearly correlated with yield except for SPAD at Feekes 5 and biomass weight at Feekes 10”
Claim · model-written summary
SPAD at Feekes 5 was not linearly correlated with yield.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- SPAD at Feekes 5e1
- Outcome
- yielde1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to estimate wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield and protein”
e1“all parameters were linearly correlated with yield except for SPAD at Feekes 5 and biomass weight at Feekes 10”
Claim · model-written summary
Biomass weight at Feekes 10 was not linearly correlated with yield.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- biomass weight at Feekes 10e1
- Outcome
- yielde1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to estimate wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield and protein”
e1“all parameters were linearly correlated with yield except for SPAD at Feekes 5 and biomass weight at Feekes 10”
Claim · model-written summary
NDVI was strongly correlated with yield, especially at Feekes 5.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- Feekes 5e2
- Treatment
- NDVIe2
- Outcome
- yielde2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to estimate wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield and protein”
e2“NDVI was strongly correlated with yield especially at Feekes 5”
Claim · model-written summary
Estimation of in-season grain protein remains a challenge.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- grain proteine3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to estimate wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield and protein”
e3“grain protein remains a challenge”
Claim · model-written summary
The accuracy of yield prediction was similar for all wheat classes.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- accuracy of yield predictione4
- Direction
- similare4
- Comparator
- all wheat classese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to estimate wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield and protein”
e4“The accuracy of yield prediction was similar for all wheat classes”
Claim · model-written summary
Comparable accuracy of yield estimation was achieved with GS NDVI and UAV NDVI.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- accuracy of yield estimatione5
- Comparator
- UAV NDVIe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to estimate wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield and protein”
e5“Comparable accuracy of yield estimation was achieved with GS NDVI and UAV NDVI”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand-held and aerial spectral measurements could be used to prescribe N rates to be applied during tiller formation.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- tiller formatione6
- Outcome
- prescribe N rates to be applied during tiller formatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to estimate wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield and protein”
e6“could be used to prescribe N rates to be applied during tiller formation”