Abstract
This study aims to explore the possibility of a reduced application of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertiliser on the yield, yield qualities, and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of the hydroponic common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), without compromising plant performance, by utilizing the inherent ability of this plant to symbiotically fix N2. Until the flowering stage, plants were supplied with a nutrient solution containing N-concentrations of either a, 100%, conventional standard-practice, 13.8 mM; b, 75% of the standard, 10.35 mM; or c, 50% of the standard, 6.9 mM. During the subsequent reproductive stage, inorganic-N treatments b and c were decreased to 25% of the standard, and the standard (100% level) N-application was not altered. The three different inorganic-N supply treatments were combined with two different rhizobia strains, and a control (no-inoculation) treatment, in a two-factorial experiment. The rhizobia strains applied were either the indigenous strain Rhizobium sophoriradicis PVTN21 or the commercially supplied Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899. Results showed that the 50–25% mineral-N application regime led to significant increases in nodulation, BNF, and fresh-pod yield, compared to the other treatment, with a reduced inorganic-N supply. On the other hand, the 75–25% mineral-N regime applied during the vegetative stage restricted nodulation and BNF, thus incurring significant yield losses. Both rhizobia strains stimulated nodulation and BNF. However, the BNF capacity they facilitated was suppressed as the inorganic-N input increased. In addition, strain PVTN21 was superior to CIAT 899—as 50–25% N-treated plants inoculated with the former showed a yield loss of 11%, compared to the 100%-N-treated plants. In conclusion, N-use efficiency optimises BNF, reduces mineral-N-input dependency, and therefore may reduce any consequential negative environmental consequences of mineral-N over-application.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The 50-25% mineral-N regime significantly increased nodulation, biological N fixation and fresh-pod yield of hydroponic common bean compared with the other reduced inorganic-N treatment.
- Taxon
- common bean
Phaseolus vulgarise0 - Treatment
- 50–25% mineral-N application regimee1
- Outcome
- nodulation, BNF, and fresh-pod yielde1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Comparator
- the other treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e1“the 50–25% mineral-N application regime led to significant increases in nodulation, BNF, and fresh-pod yield, compared to the other treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-25% mineral-N regime applied in the vegetative stage restricted nodulation and biological N fixation in common bean.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Organ / stage
- vegetative stagee1
- Treatment
- 75–25% mineral-N regimee1
- Outcome
- nodulation and BNFe1
- Direction
- restrictede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e1“the 75–25% mineral-N regime applied during the vegetative stage restricted nodulation and BNF”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75-25% mineral-N regime applied in the vegetative stage caused significant yield losses in common bean.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Organ / stage
- vegetative stagee1
- Treatment
- 75–25% mineral-N regimee1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- lossese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e1“the 75–25% mineral-N regime applied during the vegetative stage restricted nodulation and BNF, thus incurring significant yield losses”
Claim · model-written summary
Both rhizobia strains stimulated nodulation and biological N fixation in common bean relative to the no-inoculation control.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- rhizobia strainse1
- Interactor
- rhizobiae1symbiont
- Outcome
- nodulation and BNFe1
- Direction
- stimulatede1
- Comparator
- no-inoculatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e1“Both rhizobia strains stimulated nodulation and BNF”
e2“a control (no-inoculation) treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The biological N fixation capacity facilitated by the rhizobia strains was suppressed as inorganic-N input increased.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- inorganic-N inpute1
- Outcome
- BNF capacitye1
- Direction
- suppressede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e1“the BNF capacity they facilitated was suppressed as the inorganic-N input increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium strain PVTN21 was superior to strain CIAT 899 in common bean.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- strain PVTN21e1
- Interactor
- PVTN21e1symbiont
- Second interactor
- CIAT 899e1symbiont
- Outcome
- superiore1
- Direction
- superiore1
- Comparator
- CIAT 899e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e1“strain PVTN21 was superior to CIAT 899”
Claim · model-written summary
Common bean plants given the 50-25% N regime and inoculated with PVTN21 showed an 11% yield loss compared with plants given 100% N.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- 50–25% N-treated plantse1
- Interactor
- PVTN21e2symbiont
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- losse1
- Value
- 11%e1
- Comparator
- 100%-N-treated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e1“50–25% N-treated plants inoculated with the former showed a yield loss of 11%, compared to the 100%-N-treated plants”
e2“strain PVTN21”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that N-use efficiency optimises biological N fixation and reduces dependency on mineral N input.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Outcome
- BNFe1
- Qualifier
- N-use efficiencye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydroponic common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e1“N-use efficiency optimises BNF, reduces mineral-N-input dependency”