Abstract
The application of organic and inorganic fertilizers together increases crop productivity and soil fertility. However, it is crucial to identify the combined application level. A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021 to determine the effect of vermicompost levels and chemically mixed NPSZnB fertilizer rates on the growth and yield of maize. Four vermicompost levels (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 t·ha−1) combined with four artificial NPSZnB fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg·ha−1) were used for the study in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replicates. Crop phenology and biomass yield were both significantly influenced by the main effects of vermicompost level and NPSZnB rate. Vermicompost and NPSZnB fertilizer applied together had a large effect on plant height, leaf area index, ear weight, thousand kernel weight, and grain yield. The largest grain yield (8.03 t·ha−1) was produced by the interaction of vermicompost at 7.5 t·ha−1 with 150 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB, followed by all levels of vermicompost at and above 5 t·ha−1 with 100 and 150 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB. Additionally, plots treated with a combined application of vermicompost and NPSZnB fertilizer at rates of 5 t·ha−1 × 100 kg·ha−1 and 5 t·ha−1 × 150 kg·ha−1, respectively, recorded the greatest values of ear weight (276.1 g) and thousand kernel weight (49.79 g). However, the lower yield was obtained from plots that were untreated with both vermicompost and NPSZnB, and the plot treated only with 50–150 kg·ha−1 of NPSZnB. In conclusion, integrated applications of vermicompost at 5 t·ha−1 and NPSZnB fertilizer at 100 kg·ha−1 increased maize yield by about 10.36%, with a net benefit of 140486.00 ETB·ha−1 and a marginal rate of return of 797.98%. As a result, vermicompost application at 5 t·ha−1 rate with synthetic NPSZnB fertilizer at 100 kg·ha−1 is found suitable for the study area.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost level had a significant main effect on crop phenology and biomass yield of maize.
- Treatment
- main effects of vermicompost levele0
- Outcome
- Crop phenology and biomass yielde0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Zea maysNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop phenology and biomass yield were both significantly influenced by the main effects of vermicompost level and NPSZnB rate”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
NPSZnB rate had a significant main effect on crop phenology and biomass yield of maize.
- Treatment
- main effects of vermicompost level and NPSZnB ratee0
- Outcome
- Crop phenology and biomass yielde0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop phenology and biomass yield were both significantly influenced by the main effects of vermicompost level and NPSZnB rate”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined vermicompost and NPSZnB fertilizer had a large effect on plant height, leaf area index and ear weight of maize.
- Treatment
- Vermicompost and NPSZnB fertilizer applied togethere0
- Outcome
- plant height, leaf area index, ear weighte0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vermicompost and NPSZnB fertilizer applied together had a large effect on plant height, leaf area index, ear weight, thousand kernel weight, and grain yield”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined vermicompost and NPSZnB fertilizer had a large effect on thousand kernel weight and grain yield of maize.
- Treatment
- Vermicompost and NPSZnB fertilizer applied togethere0
- Outcome
- thousand kernel weight, and grain yielde0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vermicompost and NPSZnB fertilizer applied together had a large effect on plant height, leaf area index, ear weight, thousand kernel weight, and grain yield”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The largest grain yield of maize (8.03 t·ha−1) was produced by vermicompost at 7.5 t·ha−1 with 150 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB.
- Treatment
- vermicompost at 7.5 t·ha−1 with 150 kg·ha−1 NPSZnBe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- largeste0
- Value
- 8.03 t·ha−1e0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The largest grain yield (8.03 t·ha−1) was produced by the interaction of vermicompost at 7.5 t·ha−1 with 150 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB, followed by all levels of vermicompost at and above 5 t·ha−1 with 100 and 150 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield was next highest with vermicompost at or above 5 t·ha−1 combined with 100 or 150 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB.
- Treatment
- all levels of vermicompost at and above 5 t·ha−1 with 100 and 150 kg·ha−1 NPSZnBe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The largest grain yield (8.03 t·ha−1) was produced by the interaction of vermicompost at 7.5 t·ha−1 with 150 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB, followed by all levels of vermicompost at and above 5 t·ha−1 with 100 and 150 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined vermicompost and NPSZnB at 5 t·ha−1 with 100 kg·ha−1 gave the greatest ear weight of maize (276.1 g).
- Treatment
- combined application of vermicompost and NPSZnB fertilizer at rates of 5 t·ha−1 × 100 kg·ha−1e0
- Outcome
- ear weighte0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Value
- 276.1 ge0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plots treated with a combined application of vermicompost and NPSZnB fertilizer at rates of 5 t·ha−1 × 100 kg·ha−1 and 5 t·ha−1 × 150 kg·ha−1, respectively, recorded the greatest values of ear weight (276.1 g) and thousand kernel weight (49.79 g)”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined vermicompost and NPSZnB at 5 t·ha−1 with 150 kg·ha−1 gave the greatest thousand kernel weight of maize (49.79 g).
- Treatment
- 5 t·ha−1 × 150 kg·ha−1e0
- Outcome
- thousand kernel weighte0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Value
- 49.79 ge0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plots treated with a combined application of vermicompost and NPSZnB fertilizer at rates of 5 t·ha−1 × 100 kg·ha−1 and 5 t·ha−1 × 150 kg·ha−1, respectively, recorded the greatest values of ear weight (276.1 g) and thousand kernel weight (49.79 g)”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated plots with neither vermicompost nor NPSZnB gave the lower maize yield.
- Treatment
- untreated with both vermicompost and NPSZnBe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lower yield was obtained from plots that were untreated with both vermicompost and NPSZnB, and the plot treated only with 50–150 kg·ha−1 of NPSZnB”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Plots treated only with 50–150 kg·ha−1 of NPSZnB gave the lower maize yield.
- Treatment
- treated only with 50–150 kg·ha−1 of NPSZnBe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lower yield was obtained from plots that were untreated with both vermicompost and NPSZnB, and the plot treated only with 50–150 kg·ha−1 of NPSZnB”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated vermicompost at 5 t·ha−1 and NPSZnB at 100 kg·ha−1 increased maize yield by about 10.36%.
- Treatment
- integrated applications of vermicompost at 5 t·ha−1 and NPSZnB fertilizer at 100 kg·ha−1e0
- Outcome
- maize yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10.36%e0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integrated applications of vermicompost at 5 t·ha−1 and NPSZnB fertilizer at 100 kg·ha−1 increased maize yield by about 10.36%, with a net benefit of 140486.00 ETB·ha−1 and a marginal rate of return of 797.98%”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated vermicompost at 5 t·ha−1 and NPSZnB at 100 kg·ha−1 gave a net benefit of 140486.00 ETB·ha−1.
- Treatment
- integrated applications of vermicompost at 5 t·ha−1 and NPSZnB fertilizer at 100 kg·ha−1e0
- Outcome
- net benefite0
- Value
- 140486.00 ETB·ha−1e0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integrated applications of vermicompost at 5 t·ha−1 and NPSZnB fertilizer at 100 kg·ha−1 increased maize yield by about 10.36%, with a net benefit of 140486.00 ETB·ha−1 and a marginal rate of return of 797.98%”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated vermicompost at 5 t·ha−1 and NPSZnB at 100 kg·ha−1 gave a marginal rate of return of 797.98%.
- Treatment
- integrated applications of vermicompost at 5 t·ha−1 and NPSZnB fertilizer at 100 kg·ha−1e0
- Outcome
- marginal rate of returne0
- Value
- 797.98%e0
- Setting
- Guto Gida districte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integrated applications of vermicompost at 5 t·ha−1 and NPSZnB fertilizer at 100 kg·ha−1 increased maize yield by about 10.36%, with a net benefit of 140486.00 ETB·ha−1 and a marginal rate of return of 797.98%”
e1“A field experiment was carried out in the Guto Gida district in 2021”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost at 5 t·ha−1 with synthetic NPSZnB at 100 kg·ha−1 is suitable for the study area.
- Treatment
- vermicompost application at 5 t·ha−1 rate with synthetic NPSZnB fertilizer at 100 kg·ha−1e0
- Outcome
- suitable for the study areae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“vermicompost application at 5 t·ha−1 rate with synthetic NPSZnB fertilizer at 100 kg·ha−1 is found suitable for the study area”
t0“Fertilizer Levels on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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