Abstract
Alfalfa is widely grown worldwide for its excellent nutritional value. Pantoea species living in alfalfa seeds can easily spread over great distances with frequent trade. However, the pathogenic properties of this dangerous hitchhiker on alfalfa have not been evaluated. Here, we identified the taxonomic status of Pantoea strain CQ10 isolated from the interior of alfalfa seeds based on the whole genome sequence. The diverse virulence attributes of strain CQ10 during host infection were characterized through pathogenicity assays and functional and genomic analyses. We report that strain CQ10 belongs to a novel species in the genus Pantoea, which was phylogenetically close to Pantoea vagans and Pantoea agglomerans. Strain CQ10 caused bacterial leaf blight of alfalfa after inoculation from the roots. We found that strain CQ10 possesses a large number of pathogenic genes involved in shaping the virulence properties during bacteria–host interactions, including motility, biofilm, type VI secretion system, and nutrient acquisition. Compared with P. vagans and P. agglomerans, the unique virulence factors of strain CQ10 were mainly involved in motility and biofilm, which were confirmed by in vitro experiments. Taken together, our results suggest that strain CQ10 is the first Pantoea species to infect alfalfa, and it possesses diverse virulence attributes among which motility and biofilm may be the best weapons.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Pantoea strain CQ10 represents a novel species in the genus Pantoea, close to P. vagans and P. agglomerans.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Outcome
- novel species in the genus Pantoeae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alfalfa is widely grown worldwide for its excellent nutritional value”
e1“We report that strain CQ10 belongs to a novel species in the genus Pantoea, which was phylogenetically close to Pantoea vagans and Pantoea agglomerans”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain CQ10 caused bacterial leaf blight of alfalfa after inoculation from the roots.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- inoculation from the rootse2
- Interactor
- strain CQ10e2pathogen
- Outcome
- bacterial leaf blighte2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alfalfa is widely grown worldwide for its excellent nutritional value”
e2“Strain CQ10 caused bacterial leaf blight of alfalfa after inoculation from the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain CQ10 possesses a large number of pathogenic genes for motility, biofilm, type VI secretion system and nutrient acquisition.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Interactor
- strain CQ10e3pathogen
- Gene
- pathogenic genes involved in shaping the virulence propertiese3
- Outcome
- pathogenic genes involved in shaping the virulence propertiese3
- Qualifier
- motility, biofilm, type VI secretion system, and nutrient acquisitione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alfalfa is widely grown worldwide for its excellent nutritional value”
e3“We found that strain CQ10 possesses a large number of pathogenic genes involved in shaping the virulence properties”
e4“including motility, biofilm, type VI secretion system, and nutrient acquisition”
Claim · model-written summary
Unique virulence factors of strain CQ10, compared with P. vagans and P. agglomerans, are mainly involved in motility and biofilm.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Interactor
- strain CQ10e5pathogen
- Outcome
- virulence factorse5
- Direction
- uniquee5
- Qualifier
- mainly involved in motility and biofilme5
- Comparator
- P. vagans and P. agglomeranse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alfalfa is widely grown worldwide for its excellent nutritional value”
e5“Compared with P. vagans and P. agglomerans, the unique virulence factors of strain CQ10 were mainly involved in motility and biofilm, which were confirmed by in vitro experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain CQ10 is the first Pantoea species reported to infect alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Interactor
- strain CQ10e6pathogen
- Outcome
- first Pantoea species to infect alfalfae6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alfalfa is widely grown worldwide for its excellent nutritional value”
e6“strain CQ10 is the first Pantoea species to infect alfalfa, and it possesses diverse virulence attributes among which motility and biofilm may be the best weapons”
Claim · model-written summary
Motility and biofilm may be the best virulence weapons of strain CQ10 on alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Interactor
- strain CQ10e6pathogen
- Outcome
- virulence attributese6
- Qualifier
- motility and biofilm may be the best weaponse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alfalfa is widely grown worldwide for its excellent nutritional value”
e6“strain CQ10 is the first Pantoea species to infect alfalfa, and it possesses diverse virulence attributes among which motility and biofilm may be the best weapons”
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