Abstract
Abstract A serious new disease of Eucalyptus was detected in South African plantations of these trees during the summer of 2021/2022. The first symptoms are minute dark spots on young leaves, petioles and shoots, becoming scab-like as the spots age. On highly susceptible Eucalyptus genotypes, leaves and shoots can become malformed leading to a ‘feathering’ appearance in the tree canopies and in the case of heavy infections, leaf and shoot death occur. Isolations made directly from developing scabs resulted in slow-growing cultures. These were identified, based on phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data for the ITS, LSU, TEF1 and RPB2 regions, as a novel species of Elsinoe (Elsinoaceae, Myriangiales), described here as E. masingae. Inoculations of an Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus nitens hybrid variety produced the same symptoms as those observed under natural conditions and the pathogen could be re-isolated from the emerging lesions. Elsinoe masingae is closely related to, but clearly distinct from, the recently described Elsinoe necatrix that causes a serious scab and shoot malformation disease on Eucalyptus in Indonesia. Field surveys revealed significant variation in the susceptibility of different Eucalyptus genotypes, with the most severely affected genotypes including an E. grandis × nitens and an E. grandis × urophylla hybrid variety and E. grandis. The disease has also been observed on Eucalyptus amplifolia and on Eucalyptus dunnii, which had mild infections. The observed variation in susceptibility of Eucalyptus planting stock should provide opportunities to avoid serious damage because of scab caused by E. masingae in the future.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
A novel Elsinoe species, described as E. masingae, was identified as the cause of Eucalyptus scab
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus
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Eucalyptust0 - Interactor
- E. masingaeElsinoe masingaee5pathogen
- Outcome
- novel species of Elsinoee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Eucalyptus scab”
e5“as a novel species of Elsinoe (Elsinoaceae, Myriangiales), described here as E. masingae”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of an E. grandis x E. nitens hybrid variety reproduced the symptoms seen under natural conditions
- Taxon
- EucalyptusEucalyptust0
- Material
- Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus nitens hybrid varietye6
- Treatment
- Inoculationse6
- Interactor
- pathogene6pathogen
- Outcome
- symptomse6
- Comparator
- natural conditionse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Eucalyptus scab”
e6“Inoculations of an Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus nitens hybrid variety produced the same symptoms as those observed under natural conditions and the pathogen could be re-isolated from the emerging lesions”
Claim · model-written summary
The pathogen could be re-isolated from emerging lesions after inoculation
- Taxon
- EucalyptusEucalyptust0
- Organ / stage
- emerging lesionse6
- Interactor
- pathogene6pathogen
- Outcome
- re-isolatede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Eucalyptus scab”
e6“Inoculations of an Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus nitens hybrid variety produced the same symptoms as those observed under natural conditions and the pathogen could be re-isolated from the emerging lesions”
Claim · model-written summary
Field surveys revealed significant variation in susceptibility among Eucalyptus genotypes
- Taxon
- EucalyptusEucalyptuse7
- Material
- different Eucalyptus genotypese7
- Outcome
- variation in the susceptibilitye7
- Setting
- Field surveyse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Field surveys revealed significant variation in the susceptibility of different Eucalyptus genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
The most severely affected genotypes included an E. grandis x nitens hybrid, an E. grandis x urophylla hybrid and E. grandis
- Taxon
- EucalyptusEucalyptust0
- Material
- E. grandis × nitense1
- Outcome
- most severely affected genotypese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Eucalyptus scab”
e1“with the most severely affected genotypes including an E. grandis × nitens and an E. grandis × urophylla hybrid variety and E. grandis”
Claim · model-written summary
Scab was observed on Eucalyptus amplifolia and Eucalyptus dunnii with mild infections
- Taxon
- EucalyptusEucalyptuse0
- Material
- Eucalyptus amplifolia and on Eucalyptus dunniie0
- Outcome
- mild infectionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The disease has also been observed on Eucalyptus amplifolia and on Eucalyptus dunnii, which had mild infections”
Claim · model-written summary
On highly susceptible Eucalyptus genotypes, leaves and shoots become malformed
- Taxon
- EucalyptusEucalyptuse0
- Material
- highly susceptible Eucalyptus genotypese0
- Outcome
- leaves and shoots can become malformede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On highly susceptible Eucalyptus genotypes, leaves and shoots can become malformed”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy infections of Eucalyptus cause leaf and shoot death
- Taxon
- EucalyptusEucalyptust0
- Outcome
- leaf and shoot deathe0
- Qualifier
- in the case of heavy infectionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Eucalyptus scab”
e0“in the case of heavy infections, leaf and shoot death occur”
Claim · model-written summary
The variation in susceptibility of Eucalyptus planting stock should allow avoiding serious scab damage caused by E. masingae
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus planting stocke0
- Interactor
- E. masingaeElsinoe masingaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- avoid serious damagee0
Verbatim
e0“The observed variation in susceptibility of Eucalyptus planting stock should provide opportunities to avoid serious damage because of scab caused by E. masingae in the future”