Paper · 2023 · International Journal of Plant & Soil Science

Effect of Chemical Herbicides on Diversified Weed Flora and Weed Control Efficiency in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Dhruvendra Singh Sachan; Nadeem Khan; Ravindra Sachan; et al.

7
claims
24
verbatim quotes
3
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

The field experiment was carried out at Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India during Kharif, 2021. The experiment envisages study the effect of herbicides on the density, index and control efficiency of weed on maize crop. The experiment was laid down in the Randomized block design with twelve treatments replicated thrice. The highest weed control efficiency was observed in weed free treatment (T11) due to weed free environment all over the maize growth period but among the herbicidal treatments the treatment (T1) Atrazine 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE (Pre-emergence) showed highest weed control efficiency of 67.69 % up to 20 DAS. The treatment (T8) Atrazine 0.5 kg a.i ha-1 PE followed by Tembotrione 0.120 kg a.i ha-1 PoE at 20 DAS resulted in the lowest weed count and lowest weed index of 5.59 sqm-1 and 7.62% respectively. The highest weed control efficiency of 79.78 % all over the crop growth period was observed in the treatment (T8) Atrazine 0.5 kg a.i ha-1 PE followed by Tembotrione 0.120 kg a.i ha-1 PoE. The treatment Weedy check (T12) recorded highest weed dry matter accumulation while among the herbicidal treatments the lowest weed dry matter accumulation was observed in T8 treatment and was at par with the treatment T7.

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Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The weed-free treatment T11 gave the highest weed control efficiency in maize over the whole growth period.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
weed free treatment (T11)e0
Outcome
weed control efficiencye0
Direction
higheste0
Qualifier
all over the maize growth periode0
Comparator
herbicidal treatmentse1
Setting
Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest weed control efficiency was observed in weed free treatment (T11) due to weed free environment all over the maize growth period”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 365–504 · show in text ↑
e1

“among the herbicidal treatments the treatment (T1) Atrazine 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE (Pre-emergence) showed highest weed control efficiency of 67.69 % up to 20 DAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 509–666 · show in text ↑
e5

“The field experiment was carried out at Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India during Kharif, 2021”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–137 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Atrazine 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE gave the highest weed control efficiency among the herbicidal treatments, 67.69 % up to 20 DAS.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
Atrazine 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE (Pre-emergence)e1
Outcome
weed control efficiencye1
Direction
higheste1
Value
67.69 %e1
Qualifier
up to 20 DASe1
Comparator
herbicidal treatmentse1
Setting
Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest weed control efficiency was observed in weed free treatment (T11) due to weed free environment all over the maize growth period”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 365–504 · show in text ↑
e1

“among the herbicidal treatments the treatment (T1) Atrazine 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE (Pre-emergence) showed highest weed control efficiency of 67.69 % up to 20 DAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 509–666 · show in text ↑
e5

“The field experiment was carried out at Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India during Kharif, 2021”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–137 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The Atrazine 0.5 kg PE followed by Tembotrione 0.120 kg PoE treatment (T8) gave the lowest weed count at 20 DAS, 5.59 sqm-1.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
Atrazine 0.5 kg a.i ha-1 PE followed by Tembotrione 0.120 kg a.i ha-1 PoEe2
Outcome
weed counte2
Direction
loweste2
Value
5.59 sqm-1e2
Qualifier
at 20 DASe2
Comparator
herbicidal treatmentse4
Setting
Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest weed control efficiency was observed in weed free treatment (T11) due to weed free environment all over the maize growth period”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 365–504 · show in text ↑
e2

“The treatment (T8) Atrazine 0.5 kg a.i ha-1 PE followed by Tembotrione 0.120 kg a.i ha-1 PoE at 20 DAS resulted in the lowest weed count and lowest weed index of 5.59 sqm-1 and 7.62% respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 668–863 · show in text ↑
e4

“The treatment Weedy check (T12) recorded highest weed dry matter accumulation while among the herbicidal treatments the lowest weed dry matter accumulation was observed in T8 treatment and was at par with the treatment T7”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1054–1275 · show in text ↑
e5

“The field experiment was carried out at Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India during Kharif, 2021”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–137 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The Atrazine 0.5 kg PE followed by Tembotrione 0.120 kg PoE treatment (T8) gave the lowest weed index at 20 DAS, 7.62%.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
Atrazine 0.5 kg a.i ha-1 PE followed by Tembotrione 0.120 kg a.i ha-1 PoEe2
Outcome
weed indexe2
Direction
loweste2
Value
7.62%e2
Qualifier
at 20 DASe2
Comparator
herbicidal treatmentse4
Setting
Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest weed control efficiency was observed in weed free treatment (T11) due to weed free environment all over the maize growth period”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 365–504 · show in text ↑
e2

“The treatment (T8) Atrazine 0.5 kg a.i ha-1 PE followed by Tembotrione 0.120 kg a.i ha-1 PoE at 20 DAS resulted in the lowest weed count and lowest weed index of 5.59 sqm-1 and 7.62% respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 668–863 · show in text ↑
e4

“The treatment Weedy check (T12) recorded highest weed dry matter accumulation while among the herbicidal treatments the lowest weed dry matter accumulation was observed in T8 treatment and was at par with the treatment T7”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1054–1275 · show in text ↑
e5

“The field experiment was carried out at Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India during Kharif, 2021”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–137 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The Atrazine 0.5 kg PE followed by Tembotrione 0.120 kg PoE treatment (T8) gave the highest weed control efficiency, 79.78 %, over the whole crop growth period.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
Atrazine 0.5 kg a.i ha-1 PE followed by Tembotrione 0.120 kg a.i ha-1 PoEe3
Outcome
weed control efficiencye3
Direction
higheste3
Value
79.78 %e3
Qualifier
all over the crop growth periode3
Comparator
herbicidal treatmentse1
Setting
Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest weed control efficiency was observed in weed free treatment (T11) due to weed free environment all over the maize growth period”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 365–504 · show in text ↑
e1

“among the herbicidal treatments the treatment (T1) Atrazine 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE (Pre-emergence) showed highest weed control efficiency of 67.69 % up to 20 DAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 509–666 · show in text ↑
e3

“The highest weed control efficiency of 79.78 % all over the crop growth period was observed in the treatment (T8) Atrazine 0.5 kg a.i ha-1 PE followed by Tembotrione 0.120 kg a.i ha-1 PoE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 865–1052 · show in text ↑
e5

“The field experiment was carried out at Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India during Kharif, 2021”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–137 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The weedy check (T12) recorded the highest weed dry matter accumulation in the trial.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
Weedy check (T12)e4
Outcome
weed dry matter accumulatione4
Direction
higheste4
Comparator
herbicidal treatmentse4
Setting
Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest weed control efficiency was observed in weed free treatment (T11) due to weed free environment all over the maize growth period”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 365–504 · show in text ↑
e4

“The treatment Weedy check (T12) recorded highest weed dry matter accumulation while among the herbicidal treatments the lowest weed dry matter accumulation was observed in T8 treatment and was at par with the treatment T7”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1054–1275 · show in text ↑
e5

“The field experiment was carried out at Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India during Kharif, 2021”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–137 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The T8 treatment gave the lowest weed dry matter accumulation among the herbicidal treatments, at par with T7.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
T8 treatmente4
Outcome
weed dry matter accumulatione4
Direction
loweste4
Qualifier
at par with the treatment T7e4
Comparator
herbicidal treatmentse4
Setting
Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Indiae5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest weed control efficiency was observed in weed free treatment (T11) due to weed free environment all over the maize growth period”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 365–504 · show in text ↑
e4

“The treatment Weedy check (T12) recorded highest weed dry matter accumulation while among the herbicidal treatments the lowest weed dry matter accumulation was observed in T8 treatment and was at par with the treatment T7”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1054–1275 · show in text ↑
e5

“The field experiment was carried out at Agriculture Research Farm, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India during Kharif, 2021”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–137 · show in text ↑

atrazine · weed · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

202 papers: 197 positive, 5 negative or no effect

196 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

198 papers more in this group

See all 202 papers →

tembotrione · weed · Zea mays (maize)Results agree

66 papers: 66 positive, 0 negative or no effect

65 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

62 papers more in this group

See all 66 papers →

herbicide · weed · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

406 papers: 360 positive, 46 negative or no effect

359 papers in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

402 papers more in this group

See all 406 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.