Abstract
Species-specific variation in response to stress is a key driver of ecological patterns. As climate change alters stress regimes, coastal plants are experiencing intensifying salinity stress due to sea-level rise and more intense storms. This study investigates the variation in species’ responses to presses and pulses of salinity stress in five glycophytic and five halophytic species to determine whether salinity intensity, duration, or their interaction best explain patterns of survival and performance. In salinity stress exposure experiments, we manipulated the intensity and duration of salinity exposure to challenge species’ expected salinity tolerances. Salinity intensity best explained patterns of survival in glycophytic species, while the interaction between intensity and duration was a better predictor of survival in halophytic species. The interaction between intensity and duration also best explained biomass and chlorophyll production for all tested species. There was interspecific variability in the magnitude of the interactive effect of salinity intensity and duration, with some glycophytic species (Persicaria maculosa, Sorghum bicolor, and Glycine max) having a more pronounced, negative biomass response. For the majority of species, prolonged stress duration exacerbated the negative effect of salinity intensity on biomass. We also observed an unexpected, compensatory response in chlorophyll production in two species, Phragmites australis and Kosteletzkya virginica, for which the effect of salinity intensity on chlorophyll became more positive with increasing duration. We found the regression coefficient of salinity intensity versus biomass at the highest stress duration, i.e., as a press stressor, to be a useful indicator of salinity tolerance, for which species’ salinity-tolerance levels matched those in the literature. In conclusion, by measuring species-specific responses to stress exposure, we were able to visualize the independent and interactive effects of two components of a salinity stress regime, intensity, and duration, to reveal how species’ responses vary in magnitude and by tolerance class.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
In glycophytic species, salinity intensity best explained patterns of survival.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“Salinity intensity best explained patterns of survival in glycophytic species”
Claim · model-written summary
In halophytic species, the interaction between intensity and duration was a better predictor of survival.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“while the interaction between intensity and duration was a better predictor of survival in halophytic species”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction between intensity and duration best explained biomass and chlorophyll production for all tested species.
- Taxon
- all tested speciese1
- Treatment
- interaction between intensity and duratione1
- Outcome
- biomass and chlorophyll productione1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“The interaction between intensity and duration also best explained biomass and chlorophyll production for all tested species”
Claim · model-written summary
Persicaria maculosa, Sorghum bicolor and Glycine max had a more pronounced, negative biomass response to the interactive effect of salinity intensity and duration.
- Taxon
- Persicaria maculosa, Sorghum bicolor, and Glycine max
Glycine max
Sorghum bicolor
Persicaria maculosae1 - Treatment
- interactive effect of salinity intensity and duratione1
- Outcome
- biomass responsee1
- Direction
- more pronounced, negativee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“There was interspecific variability in the magnitude of the interactive effect of salinity intensity and duration, with some glycophytic species (Persicaria maculosa, Sorghum bicolor, and Glycine max) having a more pronounced, negative biomass response”
Claim · model-written summary
For most species, prolonged stress duration exacerbated the negative effect of salinity intensity on biomass.
Verbatim
e1“For the majority of species, prolonged stress duration exacerbated the negative effect of salinity intensity on biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
In Phragmites australis and Kosteletzkya virginica the effect of salinity intensity on chlorophyll became more positive with increasing duration, a compensatory response.
- Taxon
- Phragmites australis and Kosteletzkya virginica
Phragmites australis
Kosteletzkya pentacarpose1 - Treatment
- salinity intensitye1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll productione1
- Direction
- became more positivee1
- Qualifier
- with increasing duratione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We also observed an unexpected, compensatory response in chlorophyll production in two species, Phragmites australis and Kosteletzkya virginica, for which the effect of salinity intensity on chlorophyll became more positive with increasing duration”
Claim · model-written summary
The regression coefficient of salinity intensity versus biomass at the highest stress duration was a useful indicator of salinity tolerance, and species salinity-tolerance levels matched those in the literature.
Verbatim
e1“We found the regression coefficient of salinity intensity versus biomass at the highest stress duration, i.e., as a press stressor, to be a useful indicator of salinity tolerance”
e2“for which species’ salinity-tolerance levels matched those in the literature”