Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted at Horticulture Experimental Area, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan to investigate the combined effects of NPK and organic manures on growth and yield of carrot, for two consecutive years. The experiment was laid out in CRD with six treatments and four replications. Five different organic manures such as poultry manure (PM), sewage sludge (SS), farmyard manure (FYM), press mud (PrM) and goat manure (GM) were applied in combination with NPK, each at recommended levels for two successive years. A fertilizer check (control) was also included as treatment where no fertilizer and manure were used. The study revealed significant improvements in almost all growth and yield attributes by combined application of NPK and organic manures. Among different combinations, NPK + PM surpassed all other treatments by giving maximum leaves per plant (8.73 and 8.13), leaf length (38.17 and 36.77cm), root length (29.30 and 24.83cm), root diameter (3.10 and 3.27cm), root weight per plant (142.40 and 142.00g), total biomass per plant (169.33 and 166.67g) and root yield (56.67 and 56.83 t/ha), during both the experimental years. Similarly, NPK combination with green manure and sewage sludge also produced better results pertaining to carrot growth and production for two consecutive years. It was also observed during the study that control treatment showed poorest findings and placed at lowest levels.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Combined NPK and organic manures significantly improved almost all carrot growth and yield attributes.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotae1 - Treatment
- combined application of NPK and organic manurese0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributese0
- Direction
- improvementse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant improvements in almost all growth and yield attributes by combined application of NPK and organic manures”
e1“growth and yield of carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus poultry manure gave the maximum leaves per plant in both years.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Treatment
- NPK + PMe0
- Outcome
- leaves per plante0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 8.73 and 8.13e0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK + PM surpassed all other treatments by giving maximum leaves per plant (8.73 and 8.13), leaf length (38.17 and 36.77cm), root length (29.30 and 24.83cm), root diameter (3.10 and 3.27cm), root weight per plant (142.40 and 142.00g), total biomass per plant (169.33 and 166.67g) and root yield (56.67 and 56.83 t/ha)”
e1“growth and yield of carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus poultry manure gave the maximum leaf length in both years.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Treatment
- NPK + PMe0
- Outcome
- leaf lengthe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 38.17 and 36.77cme0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK + PM surpassed all other treatments by giving maximum leaves per plant (8.73 and 8.13), leaf length (38.17 and 36.77cm), root length (29.30 and 24.83cm), root diameter (3.10 and 3.27cm), root weight per plant (142.40 and 142.00g), total biomass per plant (169.33 and 166.67g) and root yield (56.67 and 56.83 t/ha)”
e1“growth and yield of carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus poultry manure gave the maximum root length in both years.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Treatment
- NPK + PMe0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 29.30 and 24.83cme0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK + PM surpassed all other treatments by giving maximum leaves per plant (8.73 and 8.13), leaf length (38.17 and 36.77cm), root length (29.30 and 24.83cm), root diameter (3.10 and 3.27cm), root weight per plant (142.40 and 142.00g), total biomass per plant (169.33 and 166.67g) and root yield (56.67 and 56.83 t/ha)”
e1“growth and yield of carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus poultry manure gave the maximum root diameter in both years.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Treatment
- NPK + PMe0
- Outcome
- root diametere0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 3.10 and 3.27cme0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK + PM surpassed all other treatments by giving maximum leaves per plant (8.73 and 8.13), leaf length (38.17 and 36.77cm), root length (29.30 and 24.83cm), root diameter (3.10 and 3.27cm), root weight per plant (142.40 and 142.00g), total biomass per plant (169.33 and 166.67g) and root yield (56.67 and 56.83 t/ha)”
e1“growth and yield of carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus poultry manure gave the maximum root weight per plant in both years.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Treatment
- NPK + PMe0
- Outcome
- root weight per plante0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 142.40 and 142.00ge0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK + PM surpassed all other treatments by giving maximum leaves per plant (8.73 and 8.13), leaf length (38.17 and 36.77cm), root length (29.30 and 24.83cm), root diameter (3.10 and 3.27cm), root weight per plant (142.40 and 142.00g), total biomass per plant (169.33 and 166.67g) and root yield (56.67 and 56.83 t/ha)”
e1“growth and yield of carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus poultry manure gave the maximum total biomass per plant in both years.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Treatment
- NPK + PMe0
- Outcome
- total biomass per plante0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 169.33 and 166.67ge0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK + PM surpassed all other treatments by giving maximum leaves per plant (8.73 and 8.13), leaf length (38.17 and 36.77cm), root length (29.30 and 24.83cm), root diameter (3.10 and 3.27cm), root weight per plant (142.40 and 142.00g), total biomass per plant (169.33 and 166.67g) and root yield (56.67 and 56.83 t/ha)”
e1“growth and yield of carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus poultry manure gave the maximum root yield in both years.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Treatment
- NPK + PMe0
- Outcome
- root yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 56.67 and 56.83 t/hae0
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK + PM surpassed all other treatments by giving maximum leaves per plant (8.73 and 8.13), leaf length (38.17 and 36.77cm), root length (29.30 and 24.83cm), root diameter (3.10 and 3.27cm), root weight per plant (142.40 and 142.00g), total biomass per plant (169.33 and 166.67g) and root yield (56.67 and 56.83 t/ha)”
e1“growth and yield of carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK with green manure improved carrot growth and production over two years.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- NPK combination with green manuree0
- Outcome
- carrot growth and productione0
- Direction
- bettere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK combination with green manure and sewage sludge also produced better results pertaining to carrot growth and production for two consecutive years”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK with sewage sludge improved carrot growth and production over two years.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- NPK combination with green manure and sewage sludgee0
- Outcome
- carrot growth and productione0
- Direction
- bettere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK combination with green manure and sewage sludge also produced better results pertaining to carrot growth and production for two consecutive years”
Claim · model-written summary
Unfertilized controls had the poorest growth and production results.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae1
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Outcome
- poorest findingse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control treatment showed poorest findings and placed at lowest levels”
e1“growth and yield of carrot”
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