Abstract
A multi-locational field trials were assessed to know the innovative fertilizer management tool (Nutrient Expert®) for improved nutrient management of Spring Maize in Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Project Command Area (RJKIPCA) of Tikapur, Kailali during spring season of 2021. The layout and planting of Spring Maize for NE® - Hybrid Maize model for 42 farmers’ fields (Tikapur-18, Janaki-18 and Lamkichuha-6)], and Nutrient Omission Plot Technique (NOPT) maize trials for 21 farmers’ fields (Tikapur-9, Janaki-9 and Lamkichuha-3) were grown using baby trail/ diamond trials in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) considering farmers as replications. Data recording, tabulation, and analysis and interpretation of the data was performed by using ANOVA through the use of R Stat-software. Data analysis was also done for the yield gap analysis using percentage change in yield of Spring Maize over the location due to changes in crop cultivars and NOPT. The experimental results highlighted that most of the soils in the project site were deficit in N followed by K, with the minimum yield loss due to omission of P. The treatment; farmers' fertilizer practices (FFP) with their own cultivar has shown more decreasing trend in Spring Maize yields and it was more prominently seen within the farmers growing hybrid maize than the open pollinated variety (OPV). With huge percentage of yield gaps in Spring Maize denoted that the soil of Janaki and Tikapur were found to be more prone to N and K nutrients deficient than the soils of Lamkichuha. NE®- Hybrid Maize model has fairly predicted the Spring Maize yields and predicted the sound results on profitability with assured actual attainable yield over the FFP. Therefore, NE-model for Spring Maize is suggested to adopt as a recommended decision support system (DSS) tool in the project command areas of RJKIPCA, Tikapur, Kailali.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Most soils in the project site were deficient in N, followed by K.
- Outcome
- deficit in N followed by Ke0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“most of the soils in the project site were deficit in N followed by K”
Claim · model-written summary
Omission of P caused the minimum yield loss in spring maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“the minimum yield loss due to omission of P”
t0“Spring Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmers fertilizer practices with their own cultivar showed a more decreasing trend in spring maize yields.
- Treatment
- farmers' fertilizer practices (FFP)e0
- Outcome
- Spring Maize yieldse0
- Direction
- more decreasing trende0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“farmers' fertilizer practices (FFP) with their own cultivar has shown more decreasing trend in Spring Maize yields”
Claim · model-written summary
The decreasing yield trend under farmers fertilizer practices was more prominent in farmers growing hybrid maize than the open pollinated variety.
- Material
- hybrid maizee0
- Outcome
- decreasing trend in Spring Maize yieldse0
- Direction
- more prominentlye0
- Comparator
- open pollinated variety (OPV)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“farmers' fertilizer practices (FFP) with their own cultivar has shown more decreasing trend in Spring Maize yields and it was more prominently seen within the farmers growing hybrid maize than the open pollinated variety (OPV)”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield gaps in spring maize were a huge percentage.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“huge percentage of yield gaps in Spring Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The soils of Janaki and Tikapur were more prone to N and K deficiency than the soils of Lamkichuha.
- Outcome
- N and K nutrients deficiente0
- Direction
- more pronee0
- Comparator
- Lamkichuhae0
- Setting
- Janaki and Tikapure0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the soil of Janaki and Tikapur were found to be more prone to N and K nutrients deficient than the soils of Lamkichuha”
Claim · model-written summary
The NE Hybrid Maize model fairly predicted spring maize yields.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“NE®- Hybrid Maize model has fairly predicted the Spring Maize yields”
Claim · model-written summary
The NE Hybrid Maize model predicted sound profitability results with assured attainable yield over farmers fertilizer practices.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“predicted the sound results on profitability with assured actual attainable yield over the FFP”
t0“Spring Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend adopting the NE model for spring maize as a decision support system tool in the RJKIPCA project command areas.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“NE-model for Spring Maize is suggested to adopt as a recommended decision support system (DSS) tool in the project command areas of RJKIPCA, Tikapur, Kailali”
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